Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/līhwaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *léykʷt, from *leykʷ-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈliː.xʷɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*līhwaną

1. to lend

Inflection

Note: Voiced Verner alternant gw becomes w, but g next to u.

Conjugation of *līhwaną (strong class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*līhwō	*līhwaų	—	*līhwai	?
2nd singular	*līhwizi	*līhwaiz	*līhw	*līhwazai	*līhwaizau
3rd singular	*līhwidi	*līhwai	*līhwadau	*līhwadai	*līhwaidau
1st dual	*līhwōz	*līhwaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*līhwadiz	*līhwaidiz	*līhwadiz	—	—
1st plural	*līhwamaz	*līhwaim	—	*līhwandai	*līhwaindau
2nd plural	*līhwid	*līhwaid	*līhwid	*līhwandai	*līhwaindau
3rd plural	*līhwandi	*līhwain	*līhwandau	*līhwandai	*līhwaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*laihw	*liwį̄
2nd singular	*laiht	*liwīz
3rd singular	*laihw	*liwī
1st dual	*ligū	*liwīw
2nd dual	*ligudiz	*liwīdiz
1st plural	*ligum	*liwīm
2nd plural	*ligud	*liwīd
3rd plural	*ligun	*liwīn
	present	past
participles	*līhwandz	*liwanaz

Related terms

• *laigijaną
• *laigǭ
• *laihną

 

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *līhwan
  • Old English: lēon
  • Old Frisian: līa
  • Old Saxon: līhan
  • Old Dutch: līan
    • Middle Dutch: liën
  • Old High German: līhan
    • Middle High German: līhen
      • German: leihen
      • Yiddish: לײַען (layen)
• Old Norse: léa, ljá
  • Icelandic: ljá
  • Faroese: líggja
  • Old Swedish: lǣa
• Gothic: 𐌻𐌴𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌽 (leiƕan)
  • → Proto-Slavic: *lixva (via a noun *𐌻𐌴𐌹𐍈𐌰 (*leiƕa))
    • Old Church Slavonic: лихва (lixva)