Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂éwh₂os

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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative forms

Alternative reconstructions

  • *h₂éwh₂s ~ *h₂uh₂ós[1]

Reconstruction

On the basis of the geminate "ḫ" in Hittite "ḫuḫḫa-", Kloekhorst concludes that it cannot reflect a diphthong, which is contradicted by Eichner's lenition law. Therefore, he argues that an athematic ablauting paradigm should be reconstructed instead.

Noun

*h₂éwh₂os m (non-ablauting)[2]

  1. maternal grandfather
  2. maternal uncle

Inflection

Thematic
singular
nominative *h₂éwh₂os
genitive *h₂éwh₂osyo
singular dual plural
nominative *h₂éwh₂os *h₂éwh₂oh₁ *h₂éwh₂oes
vocative *h₂éwh₂e *h₂éwh₂oh₁ *h₂éwh₂oes
accusative *h₂éwh₂om *h₂éwh₂oh₁ *h₂éwh₂oms
genitive *h₂éwh₂osyo *? *h₂éwh₂oHom
ablative *h₂éwh₂ead *? *h₂éwh₂omos, *h₂éwh₂obʰos
dative *h₂éwh₂oey *? *h₂éwh₂omos, *h₂éwh₂obʰos
locative *h₂éwh₂ey, *h₂éwh₂oy *? *h₂éwh₂oysu
instrumental *h₂éwh₂oh₁ *? *h₂éwh₂ōys

Descendants

  • Anatolian:
  • Armenian:
    • Old Armenian: հաւ (haw) (see there for further descendants)
  • ⇒ Proto-Balto-Slavic: *auˀis, *auˀjas (< *h₂éwh₂-i-(o-))
    • ⇒ Proto-Balto-Slavic:
      • Lithuanian: avynas (“maternal uncle”)
      • Proto-Slavic:
    • Old Prussian: awis (“uncle”)
    • Proto-Slavic: *ujь (“maternal uncle”) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Celtic: *awū (< *h₂éwh₂-on-)
  • ⇒ Proto-Celtic: *auyos (< *h₂éwh₂-yo-)
  • ⇒ Proto-Germanic: *awô (“grandfather”) (< *h₂éwh₂-on-) (see there for further descendants)
  • ⇒ Proto-Germanic: *awǭ (“grandmother”)
  • Proto-Italic: *awos (“grandfather”), *awā (“grandmother”)
    • Latin: avus, ava (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Italic: *awō (< *h₂éwh₂-on-)
    • ⇒ Latin: avunculus (“~ maternal uncle”) (see there for further descendants)
  • Tocharian:

References

  1. ^ Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 411
  2. ^ Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Lua error in Module:quote at line 896: |date= should contain a full date (year, month, day of month); use |year= for year
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 351-352
  5. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 49-50
  6. ^ Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “āwe”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 61
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