चक्षु

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit चक्षु (cakṣu).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃək.ʂuː/, [t͡ʃɐk.ʃuː]

Noun

चक्षु • (cakṣu) m (Urdu spelling ݘکشو)

1. eye

   Synonyms: आँख (ā̃kh), नेत्र (netra)

Declension

Declension of चक्षु (masc u-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	चक्षु cakṣu	चक्षु cakṣu
oblique	चक्षु cakṣu	चक्षुओं cakṣuõ
vocative	चक्षु cakṣu	चक्षुओ cakṣuo

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Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• চক্ষু (Assamese script)
• ᬘᬓ᭄ᬱᬸ (Balinese script)
• চক্ষু (Bengali script)
• 𑰓𑰎𑰿𑰬𑰲 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀘𑀓𑁆𑀱𑀼 (Brahmi script)
• စက္ၑု (Burmese script)
• ચક્ષુ (Gujarati script)
• ਚਕ੍ਸ਼ੁ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌚𑌕𑍍𑌷𑍁 (Grantha script)
• ꦕꦏ꧀ꦰꦸ (Javanese script)
• 𑂒𑂍𑂹𑂭𑂳 (Kaithi script)
• ಚಕ್ಷು (Kannada script)
• ចក្ឞុ (Khmer script)
• ຈກ຺ຩຸ (Lao script)
• ചക്ഷു (Malayalam script)
• ᢜᠠᡬᢢᡠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘓𑘎𑘿𑘬𑘳 (Modi script)
• ᢋᠠᢉᢔᠤ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦳𑦮𑧠𑧌𑧔 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐔𑐎𑑂𑐲𑐸 (Newa script)
• ଚକ୍ଷୁ (Odia script)
• ꢗꢒ꣄ꢰꢸ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆖𑆑𑇀𑆰𑆶 (Sharada script)
• 𑖓𑖎𑖿𑖬𑖲 (Siddham script)
• චක්‍ෂු (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩡𑩜 𑪙𑪀𑩒 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚏𑚊𑚶𑚰 (Takri script)
• சக்ஷு (Tamil script)
• చక్షు (Telugu script)
• จกฺษุ (Thai script)
• ཙ་ཀྵུ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒔𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒳 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨣𑨋𑩇𑨯𑨃 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *čákšuš (“eye”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷé-kʷḱ-u-s, from *kʷeḱ- (“to see, look”). Cognate with Persian چشم (čašm, “eye”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /t͡ɕɐ́k.ʂu/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ɕɐk.ʂu/

Noun

चक्षु • (cákṣu) stem, m

1. the eye
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.90.13:

     चन्द्रमा मनसो जातश्चक्षोः सूर्यो अजायत ।
     मुखादिन्द्रश्चाग्निश्च प्राणाद्वायुरजायत ॥

     candramā manaso jātaścakṣoḥ sūryo ajāyata.
     mukhādindraścāgniśca prāṇādvāyurajāyata.

     The Moon was gendered from his mind, and from his eye the Sun was born;
     Indra and Agni from his mouth were born, and Vāyu from his breath.

2. name of a prince
3. the Oxus river. (for वक्षु (vakṣú))

Declension

Masculine u-stem declension of चक्षु (cákṣu)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	चक्षुः cákṣuḥ	चक्षू cákṣū	चक्षवः cákṣavaḥ
Vocative	चक्षो cákṣo	चक्षू cákṣū	चक्षवः cákṣavaḥ
Accusative	चक्षुम् cákṣum	चक्षू cákṣū	चक्षून् cákṣūn
Instrumental	चक्षुणा / चक्ष्वा¹ cákṣuṇā / cákṣvā¹	चक्षुभ्याम् cákṣubhyām	चक्षुभिः cákṣubhiḥ
Dative	चक्षवे cákṣave	चक्षुभ्याम् cákṣubhyām	चक्षुभ्यः cákṣubhyaḥ
Ablative	चक्षोः cákṣoḥ	चक्षुभ्याम् cákṣubhyām	चक्षुभ्यः cákṣubhyaḥ
Genitive	चक्षोः cákṣoḥ	चक्ष्वोः cákṣvoḥ	चक्षूणाम् cákṣūṇām
Locative	चक्षौ cákṣau	चक्ष्वोः cákṣvoḥ	चक्षुषु cákṣuṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• • Kamarupi Prakrit:
    • Early Assamese: চখু (cokhu)
      • Assamese: চকু (soku)
    • Kamta: চখু (sokhu)
  • Bengali: চোখ (cōkh)
  • Rohingya: suk / 𐴏𐴟𐴑 (suk)
  • Sylheti: ꠌꠃꠇ (souk)
• Pali: cakkhu
• • Braj: चाख (cākh), चाष (cāṣ)
  • Gujarati: ચાખ (cākh)
• → Telugu: చక్షువు (cakṣuvu)
• → Thai: จักษุ (jàk-sù)

Related terms

• चक्षुस् (cakṣus)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “चक्षु”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 382/1.