ẖr

See also: Appendix:Variations of "hr"

Egyptian

Pronunciation

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /çuɾ/ → /çuʔ/ → /çøʔ/

• (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /çuɾ/
• (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /çuʔ/
• (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /çøʔ/

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /çɛr/
  • Conventional anglicization: kher

Preposition

1. under, (spatially) beneath
2. under, subordinate to
3. (of people or their hands) carrying, holding
4. (of containers and spaces) containing, holding
5. having, in possession of, provided with
6. in (a state or condition)
7. in, at (the beginning or end)
8. from the cause of, through

Inflection

Adverbial forms of ẖr  

ẖrj	ẖr
	mostly before nouns

Derived terms

• prj ẖr
• m ẖr
• r ẖr
• ẖrj
• ẖr ḥꜣt
• ẖr st ḥr

 

Descendants

• Akhmimic Coptic: ⳉⲁ (xa), ⳉⲁⲣⲁ⸗ (xara⸗)
• Bohairic Coptic: ϧⲁ (xa), ϧⲁⲣⲟ⸗ (xaro⸗)
• Fayyumic Coptic: ϩⲁ (ha), ϩⲁⲗⲁ⸗ (hala⸗), ϩⲁⲣⲁ⸗ (hara⸗)
• Sahidic Coptic: ϩⲁ (ha), ϩⲁⲣⲟ⸗ (haro⸗)

References

• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1929) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 3, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 386.1–388.15
• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 89.
• Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 71
• Allen, James P. (2017) A Grammar of the Ancient Egyptian Pyramid Texts, Volume 1: Unis, page 67