cros

See also: crôs, cróṡ, cròs, and cros-

Irish

Alternative forms

• crois

Etymology

From Old Irish cros, from Latin crux (“cross”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kɾˠɔsˠ/

Noun

cros f (genitive singular croise, nominative plural crosa)

1. cross
2. crosspiece
3. trial, affliction
4. prohibition

Declension

Declension of cros

Second declension

Bare forms Case Singular Plural Nominative cros crosa Vocative a chros a chrosa Genitive croise cros Dative cros crois (archaic, dialectal) crosa

Forms with the definite article Case Singular Plural Nominative an chros na crosa Genitive na croise na gcros Dative leis an gcros leis an gcrois (archaic, dialectal) don chros don chrois (archaic, dialectal) leis na crosa

Derived terms

• airgead croise
• bata croise
• comhartha na croise
• cosa croise
• Cros Dhearg
• cros-
• crosach
• crosáil
• crosaire
• crosán
• crosdealbhach
• crosdiabhal
• crosóg
• crúbchrois
• Cumann na Croise Deirge
• fíor na croise
• lochta croise
• maide croise
• píosa croise
• trasna croise
• Turas na Croise

 

Verb

cros (present analytic crosann, future analytic crosfaidh, verbal noun crosadh, past participle crosta)

1. cross
2. traverse
3. prohibit, forbid
4. contradict

Conjugation

conjugation of cros (first conjugation – A)

		singular			plural			relative	autonomous
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	present	crosaim	crosann tú; crosair†	crosann sé, sí	crosaimid	crosann sibh	crosann siad; crosaid†	a chrosann; a chrosas / a gcrosann*; a gcrosas*	crostar
	past	chros mé; chrosas	chros tú; chrosais	chros sé, sí	chrosamar; chros muid	chros sibh; chrosabhair	chros siad; chrosadar	a chros / ar chros*	crosadh
	past habitual	chrosainn / gcrosainn‡‡	chrostá / gcrostᇇ	chrosadh sé, sí / gcrosadh sé, s퇇	chrosaimis; chrosadh muid / gcrosaimis‡‡; gcrosadh muid‡‡	chrosadh sibh / gcrosadh sibh‡‡	chrosaidís; chrosadh siad / gcrosaidís‡‡; gcrosadh siad‡‡	a chrosadh / a gcrosadh*	chrostaí / gcrosta퇇
future		crosfaidh mé; crosfad	crosfaidh tú; crosfair†	crosfaidh sé, sí	crosfaimid; crosfaidh muid	crosfaidh sibh	crosfaidh siad; crosfaid†	a chrosfaidh; a chrosfas / a gcrosfaidh*; a gcrosfas*	crosfar
conditional		chrosfainn / gcrosfainn‡‡	chrosfá / gcrosfᇇ	chrosfadh sé, sí / gcrosfadh sé, s퇇	chrosfaimis; chrosfadh muid / gcrosfaimis‡‡; gcrosfadh muid‡‡	chrosfadh sibh / gcrosfadh sibh‡‡	chrosfaidís; chrosfadh siad / gcrosfaidís‡‡; gcrosfadh siad‡‡	a chrosfadh / a gcrosfadh*	chrosfaí / gcrosfa퇇
subjunctive	present	go gcrosa mé; go gcrosad†	go gcrosa tú; go gcrosair†	go gcrosa sé, sí	go gcrosaimid; go gcrosa muid	go gcrosa sibh	go gcrosa siad; go gcrosaid†	—	go gcrostar
	past	dá gcrosainn	dá gcrostá	dá gcrosadh sé, sí	dá gcrosaimis; dá gcrosadh muid	dá gcrosadh sibh	dá gcrosaidís; dá gcrosadh siad	—	dá gcrostaí
imperative		crosaim	cros	crosadh sé, sí	crosaimis	crosaigí; crosaidh†	crosaidís	—	crostar
verbal noun		crosadh
past participle		crosta

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
cros	chros	gcros
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “cros”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “cros”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “cros”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024

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Middle English

Noun

cros

1. Alternative form of cross

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Piedmontese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /krus/

Noun

cros f

1. cross

Derived terms

• crosié
• crosiera

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Romanian

Etymology

From French cross.

Noun

cros n (plural crosuri)

1. cross-country

Declension

Declension of cros

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) cros	crosul	(niște) crosuri	crosurile
genitive/dative	(unui) cros	crosului	(unor) crosuri	crosurilor
vocative	crosule		crosurilor