עשרה

Hebrew

Hebrew cardinal numbers

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Cardinal : עֲשָׂרָה ('asará)     Ordinal : עֲשִׂירִי ('asirí)

Etymology

Root
ע־שׂ־ר (ʿ-s-r)

From Proto-Semitic *ʿaśr-.

Numeral

עֲשָׂרָה • (asará) m (construct עֲשֶׂרֶת (aséret), feminine עֶשֶׂר (éser))

1. ten

Usage notes

• In Modern Hebrew, when the numbers three through ten modify a definite masculine noun and are directly preceding it, the construct form is used:

  עֲשָׂרָה סְפָרִים ― asará s'farím ― ten books

  עֲשֶׂרֶת הַסְּפָרִים ― aséret has'farím ― the ten books

• The construct form is not used for higher numbers ending in ten, such as a hundred and ten:

  מֵאָה וַעֲשָׂרָה הַסְּפָרִים ― me'á va'asará has'farím ― the hundred and ten books

• In colloquial Modern Hebrew, the form עֶשֶׂר (éser) is often used regardless of gender.

Coordinate terms

• Last: תִּשְׁעָה (tish'á)
• Next: אַחַד עָשָׂר (akhád asár)

Derived terms

• עשרת הדיברות / עֲשֶׂרֶת הַדִּבְּרוֹת (aséret hadibrót)
• עֲשֶׂרֶת יְמֵי תְּשׁוּבָה (aséret y'méy t'shuvá)

Numeral

עֶשְׂרֵה • ('esré)

1. feminine of עָשָׂר