Gibbons-Hawking-York boundary term

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English[edit]

Etymology[edit]

The necessity of such a boundary term was first realised by James W. York and later refined in a minor way by Gary Gibbons and Stephen Hawking.

Proper noun[edit]

Gibbons-Hawking-York boundary term

  1. (physics) In general relativity, a term that needs to be added to the Einstein-Hilbert action when the underlying spacetime manifold has a boundary.