Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wunskijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *wunskaz, *wunskō, from Proto-Indo-European *wenh₁- (“to wish, love”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈwun.ski.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*wunskijaną

1. to wish, to desire

Inflection

Conjugation of *wunskijaną (weak class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*wunskijō	*wunskijaų	—	*wunskijai	?
2nd singular	*wunskīsi	*wunskijais	*wunskī	*wunskijasai	*wunskijaisau
3rd singular	*wunskīþi	*wunskijai	*wunskijaþau	*wunskijaþai	*wunskijaiþau
1st dual	*wunskijōs	*wunskijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*wunskijaþiz	*wunskijaiþiz	*wunskijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*wunskijamaz	*wunskijaim	—	*wunskijanþai	*wunskijainþau
2nd plural	*wunskīþ	*wunskijaiþ	*wunskīþ	*wunskijanþai	*wunskijainþau
3rd plural	*wunskijanþi	*wunskijain	*wunskijanþau	*wunskijanþai	*wunskijainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*wunskidǭ	*wunskidēdį̄
2nd singular	*wunskidēz	*wunskidēdīz
3rd singular	*wunskidē	*wunskidēdī
1st dual	*wunskidēdū	*wunskidēdīw
2nd dual	*wunskidēdudiz	*wunskidēdīdiz
1st plural	*wunskidēdum	*wunskidēdīm
2nd plural	*wunskidēdud	*wunskidēdīd
3rd plural	*wunskidēdun	*wunskidēdīn
	present	past
participles	*wunskijandz	*wunskidaz

Descendants

• Old English: wȳsċan
  • Middle English: wuschen, wüschen, wischen, wisshen
    • Scots: wis
    • English: wish
• Old Frisian: *wenskia, *wunskia (likely a borrowing?)
  • Saterland Frisian: wonskje
  • West Frisian: winskje
• Old Saxon: *wunskian
  • Middle Low German: wunschen
    • German Low German: wönschen, wünsken (Westphalian)
    • Plautdietsch: wenschen
• Old Dutch: *wunsken
  • Middle Dutch: wonschen (eastern), wunschen (eastern), wenschen (western)
    • Dutch: wensen
    • Limburgish: wönsje
• Old High German: wunsken, wunscen
  • Middle High German: wunschen
    • German: wünschen
      • → Czech: vinšovat
      • → Polish: winszować
      • → Carpathian Rusyn: вінчова́ти (vinčováty)
      • → Slovak: vinšovať
    • Luxembourgish: wënschen
    • Yiddish: ווינטשן (vintshn)
• Old Norse: œskja, ýskja
  • Icelandic: æskja
  • Faroese: ynskja
  • Norwegian:
    • Norwegian Bokmål: ønske
    • Norwegian Nynorsk: ynskja, ynskje, ønskja, ønskje, ynska, ynske, ønska, ønske
  • Jamtish: ønskje
  • Old Swedish: yskia, ȳskia, ø̄skia, ønskia
    • Swedish: önska
  • Old Danish: yskæ, ȳskæ
    • Danish: ønske
  • Elfdalian: yönstja
  • Gutnish: ynske