Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pstḗn

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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

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Possibly from *ph₂ǵ-sth₂-ḗn, from *peh₂ǵ- (“to become firm”) +‎ *steh₂- (“to stand”) +‎ *-ḗn.[1]

Noun

*pstḗn m[2]

  1. breast, teat

Inflection

Athematic, hysterokinetic
singular
nominative *pstḗn
genitive *pstnés
singular dual plural
nominative *pstḗn *psténh₁(e) *psténes
vocative *pstén *psténh₁(e) *psténes
accusative *psténm̥ *psténh₁(e) *psténm̥s
genitive *pstnés *? *pstnóHom
ablative *pstnés *? *pstn̥mós
dative *pstnéy *? *pstn̥mós
locative *pstén, *psténi *? *pstn̥sú
instrumental *pstnéh₁ *? *pstn̥mís

Descendants

  • Proto-Armenian: *stēn[3][4]
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  • Proto-Hellenic:[4]
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  • Proto-Tocharian: *päścäne (< CCC epenthesis, *psténh₁(e) (dual))
    • Tocharian A: päśśäṃ
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Derived terms

  • *pstén-o-s[5]
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pstánas (see there for further descendants)
    • ⇒ *sptén-o-s[5] (< metathesis *pstén-o-s)
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      • ⇒ *pr̥-sptén-o-s (“having protruding breasts”)[6]
  • *pston-ó-s
  • *sptén-yo-s[5] (< metathesis *pstén-yo-s)
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *spenis
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      • Lithuanian: spenys, spenỹs, uvula
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    • Proto-Celtic: *sɸenyos[7]
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References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*fastu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 131
  2. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “speno-, stḗno-, p(ə)stḗno-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 990
  3. ^ Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) “stin”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, pages 584–585
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “στήνιον”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1404
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*spenan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 466
  6. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “παρθένος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1153
  7. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*sfenyo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 333
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