Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/žalь

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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

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(deprecated template usage)

From an earlier *žělь, continuing (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Proto-Indo-European *gʷḗlH-is. Akin to Old Armenian կեղ (keł, “wound, sore”), Proto-Germanic *kwēlō (“agony”).

Noun

*žàlь f[1][2][3]

  1. burial monument
  2. regret, sorrow
    → sorry (as a denominal adverb)

Inflection

Declension of *žàlь (i-stem, accent paradigm a)
singular dual plural
nominative *žàlь *žàli *žàli
genitive *žàlī *žàlьju, *žàľu* *žàlьjь, *žàlī*
dative *žàli *žàlьma *žàlьmъ
accusative *žàlь *žàli *žàli
instrumental *žàlьjǫ, *žàľǭ* *žàlьma *žàlьmī
locative *žàlī *žàlьju, *žàľu* *žàlьxъ
vocative *žali *žàli *žàli
* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Alternative reconstructions

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Descendants

  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: жаль (žalĭ)
  • South Slavic:
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    • Bulgarian: жал (žal)
    • Macedonian: жал (žal)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: жа̑л, жа̏о
      Latin script: žȃl, žȁo
    • Slovene: žȁl
  • West Slavic:

Further reading

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “жаль”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “жал”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 522

References

  1. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*žalь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 553: “f. i ‘grief, regret, pity’”
  2. ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “žȁl”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*ža̋lь”
  3. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “žalь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (RPT 99)”
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