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жал

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Bulgarian

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Etymology

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    Inherited from Proto-Slavic *žalь.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    жал • (žal) m or f

    1. grief, sorrow, sadness
      Synonyms: мъ́ка (mắka), скръб (skrăb), тъга́ (tăgá)
      Дя́дото си оти́де от жал по голе́мия син, де́то го уби́ха във война́та.
      Djádoto si otíde ot žal po golémija sin, déto go ubíha văv vojnáta.
      The grandfather passed away from grief over his eldest son, who was killed in the war.
    2. pity, compassion, sympathy
      Synonyms: жа́лост (žálost), съжале́ние (săžalénie), състрада́ние (săstradánie), съчу́вствие (săčúvstvie)
      Ива́н я гле́даше и те́жка жал прити́скаше сърце́то му.
      Iván ja glédaše i téžka žal pritískaše sărcéto mu.
      Ivan was looking at her and heavy pity pressed upon his heart.
    3. mercy, quarter, forgiveness
      Synonyms: ми́лост (mílost), поща́да (poštáda), про́шка (próška)
      без жал
      bez žal
      without mercy
    4. (colloquial, impersonal, with dative short pronoun or за (za)) feeling sorry or pity
      Жал ми е за те́бе, Па́веле.
      Žal mi e za tébe, Pávele.
      I feel sorry for you, Pavel.
      Ста́на му жал за ми́налото вре́ме.
      Stána mu žal za mínaloto vréme.
      He started to feel sorry for the past times.
    5. (obsolete, impersonal, usually followed by че (če)) a pity (something to be sorry for)
      Жал е, че на то́я свят са́мо дре́бните гре́шници се изповя́дват.
      Žal e, če na tója svjat sámo drébnite gréšnici se izpovjádvat.
      It is a pity that in this world only the petty sinners confess.

    Usage notes

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    • Indeclinable as a feminine noun.

    Declension

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    Declension of жал (dialectal masculine declension)
    singular plural
    indefinite жал
    žal
    жа́лове
    žálove
    definite
    (subject form)
    жа́лът
    žálăt
    жа́ловете
    žálovete
    definite
    (object form)
    жа́ла
    žála
    count form — жа́ла
    žála

    Derived terms

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    References

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    • “жал”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
    • “жал”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
    • “жал”, in ЛексИт [LexIt] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014

    Kazakh

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    Alternative scripts
    Arabic جال
    Cyrillic жал
    Latin jal

    Etymology 1

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    From Proto-Turkic *yāl (“mane”). Cognate with Old Uyghur [script needed] (jal, “mane”); Bashkir ял (yal), Kyrgyz жал (jal), Uzbek yol, Uyghur يال (yal), Turkmen ýal, Azerbaijani yal (“mane”), etc.

    Noun

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    жал • (jal)

    1. (horse) mane

    Etymology 2

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    Noun

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    жал • (jal)

    1. crest, ridge

    Etymology 3

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    Noun

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    жал • (jal)

    1. hired work
    2. excuse
    Declension
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    Declension of жал
    singular plural
    nominative жал (jal) жалдар (jaldar)
    genitive жалдың (jaldıŋ) жалдардың (jaldardıŋ)
    dative жалға (jalğa) жалдарға (jaldarğa)
    accusative жалды (jaldı) жалдарды (jaldardı)
    locative жалда (jalda) жалдарда (jaldarda)
    ablative жалдан (jaldan) жалдардан (jaldardan)
    instrumental жалмен (jalmen) жалдармен (jaldarmen)
    similative жалдай (jalday) жалдарда (jaldarda)

    Kyrgyz

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    Etymology

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    From Proto-Turkic *yāl, etc.

    Noun

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    жал • (jal) (Arabic spelling جال)

    1. mane

    Macedonian

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    Etymology

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    Inherited from Proto-Slavic *žalь.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    жал • (žal) m or f (uncountable, relational adjective жален)

    1. sorrow, grief
    2. pity

    Declension

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    (Masculine declension)

    Declension of жал
    singular plural
    indefinite жал (žal) жалови (žalovi)
    definite unspecified жалот (žalot) жаловите (žalovite)
    definite proximal жалов (žalov) жаловиве (žalovive)
    definite distal жалон (žalon) жаловине (žalovine)
    vocative жалу (žalu) жалови (žalovi)
    count form — жала (žala)

    (Feminine declension)

    Declension of жал
    singular
    indefinite жал (žal)
    definite unspecified жалта (žalta)
    definite proximal жалва (žalva)
    definite distal жална (žalna)
    vocative жал (žal)

    Derived terms

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    Russian

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    Pronunciation

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    Etymology 1

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    Noun

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    жал • (žal) n inan pl

    1. genitive plural of жа́ло (žálo)

    Etymology 2

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    Verb

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    жал • (žal)

    1. masculine singular past indicative imperfective of жать (žatʹ)

    Serbo-Croatian

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    Etymology 1

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      Inherited from Proto-Slavic *žalь.

      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      жа̑л m inan or f (Latin spelling žȃl)

      1. sorrow, grief
      Declension
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      Declension of жал
      singular plural
      nominative жал жалови
      genitive жала жалова
      dative жалу жаловима
      accusative жал жалове
      vocative жале жалови
      locative жалу жаловима
      instrumental жалом жаловима

      Further reading

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      • “жал”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026

      Etymology 2

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      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      жа̑л m inan (Latin spelling žȃl)

      1. strand, beach
      Declension
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      Further reading

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      • “жал”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026