Reconstruction:Proto-Austronesian/nimas

This Proto-Austronesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Austronesian

Noun

*nimas

1. bailer in a canoe

Verb

*nimas

1. to bail out a canoe

Descendants

• Kavalan: nimas (“to clean out water from a boat”)
• Proto-Malayo-Polynesian: *limas, *nimas
  • Philippine
    • Northern Luzon
      • Ilocano: limás
      • Casiguran Dumagat Agta: limás
    • Greater Central Philippine
      • Central Philippine
        • Tagalog: limás
        • Bikol Central: limás
        • Visayan
          • Cebuano: limás
          • Masbatenyo: limás
          • Waray-Waray: límas
          • Tausug: limas
        • Mansaka: limas
      • Manobo
        • Binukid: limas
      • Danao
        • Maranao: limas
      • Gorontalo–Mongondow
        • ⇒ Mongondow: molimat (“scoop out, bail water from a canoe”)
        • ⇒ Gorontalo: molimato (“bail out a canoe”)
    • Kalamian
      • Agutaynen: limat
    • Sangiric
      • Sangir: limasē (“the water that enters a canoe through a leak in the hull”)
  • Barito
    • Sama–Bajaw
      • Yakan: limas
    • East Barito
      • Malagasy: díma (“a small wooden vessel used in baling water out of a canoe”)
  • North Bornean
    • North Sarawakan
      • Kenyah
        • ⇒ Bakung: ngelima (“bail out a canoe”)
  • Kayanic
    • Rejang Kayan: limah
  • Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands
    • Simeulue: limas
  • Malayo-Sumbawan
    • Malayic
      • Malay: limas
        • > Indonesian: limas (inherited)
      • Minangkabau: limeh
    • Bali–Sasak–Sumbawa
      • Balinese: limas
      • Sasak: limas
    • Sundanese: limas
  • Old Javanese: limas
  • ⇒ Palauan: olimet (“bailer”)
  • Central–Eastern Malayo-Polynesian
    • Central Malayo-Polynesian
      • Central Maluku
        • Asilulu: lima
    • Eastern Malayo-Polynesian
      • Halmahera–Cenderawasih
        • Buli (Indonesia): limas
      • Oceanic: *limas, *nimas
        • Admiralty Islands (?)
          • Yapese: niim (“bailer”)
        • Western Oceanic
          • North New Guinea
            • Kairiru: lim
            • Mbula: niimi
          • Meso-Melanesian
            • Nehan: limah
            • Halia: limasa
        • Central–Eastern Oceanic
          • Micronesian
            • Kosraean: inihm
            • Gilbertese: anima
            • Western Micronesian
              • Chuukic
                • Chuukese: num
                • Puluwat: niim
              • Pohnpeic
                • Pohnpeian: liim
                • Mokilese: lim
          • Central Pacific
            • Western Fijian: nima (“be baled out, have water baled out”)
            • Fijian: nima (“to bale out a canoe”)

References

• Blust, Robert & Stephen Trussell, Austronesian Comparative Dictionary – *nimas.