Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kaca

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

From earlier *kaća (related to Northern Sami geahčči (“point”)). Possibly an early loan from Indo-European language, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ-. Has also been compared with Hungarian hegy (“mountain”), although this relation is unlikely.

Noun

*kaca

1. heel or toe of an axe head

Inflection

Inflection of *kaca

Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
		singular	plural
nominative		*kaca	*kacat
accusative		*kacan	*kacat
genitive		*kacan	*kacadën *kacoidën
partitive		*kacada	*kacoida
inessive		*kacassa *kacahna	*kacoissa *kacoihna
elative		*kacasta	*kacoista
illative		*kacahën	*kacoihën
adessive		*kacalla	*kacoilla
ablative		*kacalta	*kacoilta
allative		*kacalën *kacalëk	*kacoilën *kacoilëk
essive		*kacana	*kacoina
translative		*kacaksi	*kacoiksi
instructive		*kacan	*kacoin
comitative		*kacanëk	*kacoinëk
abessive		*kacatta	*kacoitta

Descendants

• Finnish: kasa
• Ingrian: kasa
• Karelian:

  North Karelian: kasa

  South Karelian: kaza

• Livvi: kaza
• Ludian: kaza
• Veps: kaza
• Võro: kadsa

Further reading

• Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “kasa”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎^[2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN