Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grunnitjaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *grunnōną +‎ *-itjaną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɣrun.nit.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*grunnitjaną

1. to grunt
2. to grin, show the teeth

Inflection

Conjugation of *grunnitjaną (weak class 1 j-present)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*grunnitjō	*grunnitjaų	—	*grunnitjai	?
2nd singular	*grunnitisi	*grunnitjais	*grunniti	*grunnitjasai	*grunnitjaisau
3rd singular	*grunnitiþi	*grunnitjai	*grunnitjaþau	*grunnitjaþai	*grunnitjaiþau
1st dual	*grunnitjōs	*grunnitjaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*grunnitjaþiz	*grunnitjaiþiz	*grunnitjaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*grunnitjamaz	*grunnitjaim	—	*grunnitjanþai	*grunnitjainþau
2nd plural	*grunnitiþ	*grunnitjaiþ	*grunnitiþ	*grunnitjanþai	*grunnitjainþau
3rd plural	*grunnitjanþi	*grunnitjain	*grunnitjanþau	*grunnitjanþai	*grunnitjainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*grunnistǭ	*grunnistēdį̄
2nd singular	*grunnistēz	*grunnistēdīz
3rd singular	*grunnistē	*grunnistēdī
1st dual	*grunnistēdū	*grunnistēdīw
2nd dual	*grunnistēdudiz	*grunnistēdīdiz
1st plural	*grunnistēdum	*grunnistēdīm
2nd plural	*grunnistēdud	*grunnistēdīd
3rd plural	*grunnistēdun	*grunnistēdīn
	present	past
participles	*grunnitjandz	*grunnitidaz

Related terms

• *grunnatjaną

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *grunnittjan
  • Old English: *gryntan
    • Middle English: grinten
      • English: grint
    • ⇒ Old English: ongryntan
• Old Norse: *grynta
  • Norwegian Bokmål: grynte
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: grynte
  • Swedish: grymta
  • Old Danish: grynte
    • Danish: grynte