Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sterkaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *sterg- (“rigid, stiff”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈster.kɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*sterkaną

1. to become stiff, stiffen

Inflection

Conjugation of *sterkaną (strong class 3)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*sterkō	*sterkaų	—	*sterkai	?
2nd singular	*stirkizi	*sterkaiz	*sterk	*sterkazai	*sterkaizau
3rd singular	*stirkidi	*sterkai	*sterkadau	*sterkadai	*sterkaidau
1st dual	*sterkōz	*sterkaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*sterkadiz	*sterkaidiz	*sterkadiz	—	—
1st plural	*sterkamaz	*sterkaim	—	*sterkandai	*sterkaindau
2nd plural	*stirkid	*sterkaid	*stirkid	*sterkandai	*sterkaindau
3rd plural	*sterkandi	*sterkain	*sterkandau	*sterkandai	*sterkaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*stark	*sturkį̄
2nd singular	*starht	*sturkīz
3rd singular	*stark	*sturkī
1st dual	*sturkū	*sturkīw
2nd dual	*sturkudiz	*sturkīdiz
1st plural	*sturkum	*sturkīm
2nd plural	*sturkud	*sturkīd
3rd plural	*sturkun	*sturkīn
	present	past
participles	*sterkandz	*sturkanaz

Derived terms

• *sturkiz
• *sturknaną
• *starkuz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *sterkan
  • Old High German: *sterkan
    • ⇒ Old High German: gistorkan (“reinforced”, past participle)
• ⇒ Old Norse: *storkinn (past participle)
  • ⇒ Old Norse: blōðstorkinn (“of stiff blood”)