Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰúHt
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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Athematic root aorist of *bʰuH- (“to be, become, grow, appear”).
Verb
[edit]*bʰúHt (perfective)[1]
- to become
Inflection
[edit]There is some disagreement on whether the plural stem is accented (*bʰúHn̥t) or unaccented (*bʰuHént). Both patterns are shown for convenience.
| Perfective, athematic, active only | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3rd singular | *bʰúHt | |||
| 3rd plural | *bʰúHn̥t | |||
| Active voice | Indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
| 1st singular | *bʰúHm̥ | — | *bʰúHoh₂ | *bʰúHyeh₁m̥ |
| 2nd singular | *bʰúHs | *bʰúH, *bʰúHdʰi | *bʰúHesi | *bʰúHyeh₁s |
| 3rd singular | *bʰúHt | *bʰúHtu | *bʰúHeti | *bʰúHyeh₁t |
| 1st dual | *bʰúHwe | — | *bʰúHowos | *bʰúHih₁we |
| 2nd dual | *bʰúHtom | *bʰúHtom | *bʰúHetes | *bʰúHih₁tom |
| 3rd dual | *bʰúHtām | *bʰúHtām | *bʰúHetes | *bʰúHih₁tām |
| 1st plural | *bʰúHme | — | *bʰúHomos | *bʰúHih₁me |
| 2nd plural | *bʰúHte | *bʰúHte | *bʰúHete | *bʰúHih₁te |
| 3rd plural | *bʰúHn̥t | *bʰúHn̥tu | *bʰúHonti | *bʰúHih₁n̥t |
| Participle | *bʰúHn̥ts | |||
| Perfective, athematic, active only | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3rd singular | *bʰúHt | |||
| 3rd plural | *bʰuHént | |||
| Active voice | Indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
| 1st singular | *bʰúHm̥ | — | *bʰúHoh₂ | *bʰuHyéh₁m̥ |
| 2nd singular | *bʰúHs | *bʰúH, *bʰuHdʰí | *bʰúHesi | *bʰuHyéh₁s |
| 3rd singular | *bʰúHt | *bʰúHtu | *bʰúHeti | *bʰuHyéh₁t |
| 1st dual | *bʰuHwé | — | *bʰúHowos | *bʰuHih₁wé |
| 2nd dual | *bʰuHtóm | *bʰuHtóm | *bʰúHetes | *bʰuHih₁tóm |
| 3rd dual | *bʰuHtā́m | *bʰuHtā́m | *bʰúHetes | *bʰuHih₁tā́m |
| 1st plural | *bʰuHmé | — | *bʰúHomos | *bʰuHih₁mé |
| 2nd plural | *bʰuHté | *bʰuHté | *bʰúHete | *bʰuHih₁té |
| 3rd plural | *bʰuHént | *bʰuHéntu | *bʰúHonti | *bʰuHih₁ént |
| Participle | *bʰuHónts | |||
Derived terms
[edit]- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *bū́ˀtei (suppletive) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Germanic: *būaną (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HábʰuHt
- Proto-Italic: *fūai (1sg.prf.act.ind of *ezom, *som)
References
[edit]- ^ Ringe, Donald (2006), From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN