Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gew-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*gew-

1. to bend, curve
2. arch, vault

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gew- (4 c, 0 e)

• *gewd- (“bag, stomach”)
  • Proto-Germanic: *kūtiz (“bag, stomach, gut”) (see there for further descendants)
• *gudóm (“intestines”)
• *gugā
  • German: Kugel (“ball, orb”)
  • Russian: гугля (guglja, “bump, lump”)
  • Lithuanian: gugà (“hump, hill”)
• *gewl- (“vessel, cub”)
  • Proto-Germanic: *kiulijǭ, *kūlǭ (“bump, hole”) (see there for further descendants)
    • English: kile (“ulcer, sore”)
    • German: Keule (“club”)
  • Proto-Germanic: *kūliz (“round vessel, ball, bag, sack”)
• *gewlos (“vessel, bowl”)
  • Proto-Germanic: *keulaz (“ship”) (see there for further descendants)
• *gewp- ~ *gup- (“round object, knoll; cavity”)
  • *gewp-eh₂
    • Proto-Albanian: *gāupā
      • Albanian: gop
    • >? Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gjaupāˀ
      • >? Proto-Slavic: *župa (see there for further descendants)
  • *gup-eh₂
    • Ancient Greek: γῡ́πη (gū́pē)
    • Proto-Germanic: *kubô (see there for further descendants)
      • >? Proto-Germanic: *kubnáz > *kuppaz (“round object, bowl, skull, knoll”) (see there for further descendants)
  • *gup-tó-s
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *guptás
      • Sanskrit: गुप्त (gupta)
• *gewt- (“pouch, sack”)
  • Proto-Germanic: *keudō (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Germanic: *kuddô (“bag, pod, sack, purse”) (see there for further descendants)
      • Proto-Germanic: *kudilǭ (“cuttlefish, squid, cephalopod”) (see there for further descendants)
  • >? Proto-Germanic: *kweþuz (“belly,stomach, womb”) (via inversion *gewt- > *gʷet-?) (see there for further descendants)
• (perhaps) *gówr̥ (“curl”)
  • ⇒ Proto-Indo-European: *gow-ro-s (“lock of hair”)
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gauras
      • Latvian: gauri pl (“pubes”)
      • Lithuanian: gauraĩ pl (“curls of hairs”)
      • ⇒ Proto-Slavic: *guriti (“to hunch, to bow”) (possibly)
    • Proto-Germanic:
      • Norwegian: kaure (“curly lock of hair”)
  • ⇒ Proto-Indo-European: *gow-no-s (“furry, shaggy”)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *gawnám (“fur”)
      • → Proto-Slavic: *guna, *guňa (“coat, rag”) (could also be native)
        • → Byzantine Greek: γούνα (goúna, “fur, fur garment”)
          • → Latin: gunna (see there for further descendants)
• *gu-r-nos (“back”)
  • Old Armenian: կուռն (kuṙn) (possibly)
  • Balto-Slavic:
    • Lithuanian: gur̃nas (“ankle, hip, bone”)
• Unsorted formations:
  • Armenian:
    • Old Armenian: կոր (kor, “curved, crooked”)
  • Balto-Slavic:
    • >? Proto-Slavic: *guja (“serpent”) (see there for further descendants)
  • Germanic:
    • Proto-Germanic: *gut- (“gut, entrail, intestine”) (perhaps via archaic phonology, as *ǵʰewd- (“to pour”) doesn't make much sense)
      • English: gut
  • Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: γυρός (gurós, “round”)
      • Ancient Greek: γῦρος (gûros, “a circle, a ring”) (substantivized)
        • → Latin: gyrus (see there for further descendants)