Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁ed-

See also: Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃ed-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*h₁ed- (imperfective)

1. to eat

Derived terms

► Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁ed-

• *h₁éd-ti ~ *h₁d-énti (athematic root present)
• *h₁od-éye-ti (causative)
  • Proto-Germanic: *atjaną (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hādáyati
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hādáyati
      • Sanskrit: आदयति (ādáyati)
• *h₁ōd-e/o- (a lengthened grade of disputed origin)
  • Armenian:
    • Old Armenian: ուտեմ (utem)
      • Armenian: ուտել (utel)
• *h₁ēd-so-
  • Proto-Germanic: *ēsaz (“food, carrion, bait”) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Tocharian: [Term?]
    • Tocharian A: yats (“skin”)
    • Tocharian B: yetse (“skin”)
• *h₁éd-tōr (“eater”)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: [Term?]
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: [Term?]
      • Sanskrit: अत्तृ (attṛ́)
  • Proto-Italic: *essōr
    • Latin: ēsor
• *h₂eyeri-h₁d-to-
  • Proto-Hellenic: [Term?]
    • Ancient Greek: ἄριστον (áriston)
• *h₁éd-nos (“eaten”)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hádnas
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hánnas
      • Sanskrit: अन्न (ánna) (see there for further descendants)
• *h₁éd-wr̥ ~ *h₁d-wén-s
  • Proto-Germanic: *etunaz (thematicized from *h₁ed-un-os) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Hellenic: [Term?]
    • Ancient Greek: εἶδαρ (eîdar)
• Unsorted formations:
  • Proto-Albanian: *eda
    • Albanian: ha (“I eat”) (with preservation of the laryngeal?)
  • Anatolian:
    • Luwian: 𒀀𒁺𒈾 (aduna)

References

• Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Bern, München: Francke Verlag