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Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁ed-

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃ed-
 This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

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    Root

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    *h₁ed- (imperfective)[1]

    1. to eat

    Derived terms

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    Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁ed- (44 c, 0 e)
    • *h₁éd-ti ~ *h₁d-énti (athematic root present)
    • *h₁e-h₁ód-e ~ *h₁e-h₁d-ḗr (reduplicated perfect)[2]
      • Proto-Celtic: *āde (3sg.pret. of *essi)
      • Proto-Germanic: *ēt
        • Proto-West Germanic: *āt
        • Old Norse: át
      • Proto-Hellenic:
        • Epic Greek: ἐδηδώς (edēdṓs, perf.ptc.act. of ἔδω (édō)) (with renewed reduplication)
      • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HaHā́da
      • Proto-Italic:
    • *h₁od-éye-ti (causative)
    • *h₁ōd-e/o- (a lengthened grade of disputed origin)[4]
    • *h₁ēd-so-
      • Proto-Germanic: *ēsaz (“food, carrion, bait”) (see there for further descendants)
      • Proto-Tocharian:
        • Tocharian A: yats (“skin”)
        • Tocharian B: yetse (“skin”)
    • *h₁éd-tōr (“eater”)
    • *h₂eyeri-h₁d-to-
    • *h₁éd-nom (“eaten”)
    • *h₁éd-wr̥ ~ *h₁d-wén-s
    • *n̥-h₁d-ti- (“having no eating”)[7][8]
      • Proto-Armenian:
      • Proto-Hellenic:
        • Ancient Greek: νῆστις (nêstis, “not eating, fasting, sober (jejune)”)
    Unsorted formations
    • Proto-Albanian: *eda[9]
      • Albanian: ha (“I eat”) (with preservation of the laryngeal?)
    • Anatolian:

    References

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    1. ^ Ringe, Donald (2006), From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
    2. ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 230-231
    3. ^ Kümmel, Martin Joachim (2011–2024), Addenda und Corrigenda zu LIV²‎[2]
    4. ^ Martirosyan, Hrach (2010), Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 644
    5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Wodtko, Dagmar S.; Irslinger, Britta; Schneider, Carolin (2008), Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, page 209
    6. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “ἔδω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 375
    7. ^ Klingenschmitt, Gert (1982), Das altarmenische Verbum (in German), Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, page 67
    8. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (1988), “Laryngeal developments: A survey”, in Alfred Bammesberger, editor, Die Laryngaltheorie und die Rekonstruktion des indogermanischen Laut- und Formensystems, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Carl Winter, page 78
    9. ^ Oryol, Vladimir E. (1998), “ha”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden; Boston; Köln: Brill, →ISBN, pages 140-1

    Further reading

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