Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/werǵ-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*werǵ-

1. to make

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *werǵ- (25 c, 0 e)

• *wr̥ǵ-yé-ti (zero-grade ye-present)
• *wérǵ-e-ti (thematic present)
  • Proto-Celtic: *wregeti (see there for further descendants) (through schwebeablaut)
• *we-wórǵ-e ~ *we-wr̥ǵ-ḗr (reduplicated perfect)
  • Proto-Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: ἔοργε (éorge)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian:
    • Proto-Iranian:
      • Avestan:

        Old Avestan: 𐬬𐬁𐬎𐬎𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬋𐬌 (vāuuər^əzōi, 3sg.perf.med.)

        Younger Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀 (vauuar^əza, 3sg.perf.act.)

• *werǵ-éh₂
  • Proto-Celtic: *wergā (“anger”) (see there for further descendants)
• *worǵ-éh₂
  • Proto-Hellenic: *worgā́ (“temper; anger, passion”)
    • Ancient Greek: ὀργή (orgḗ)
      • Greek: οργή (orgí)
• *werǵ-o-s
  • Proto-Celtic: *wergos (adj.) (see there for further descendants)
• *worǵ-ó-s
  • Proto-Hellenic: *worgós, *-worgós (“worker, maker”)
    • Ancient Greek: -ουργός (-ourgós)
    • Mycenaean Greek: -𐀺𐀒 (-wo-ko /⁠-worgos⁠/)
• *wérǵ-o-m
• *wr̥ǵ-tó-s

Unsorted formations

• Albanian:
  • Albanian: argëtoj, argëtim
• Hellenic:
  • Ancient Greek: ὄργανον (órganon) (see there for further descendants)
  • Ancient Greek: ὄργιον (órgion), ὄργῐᾰ (órgĭă)
  • >? Mycenaean Greek: 𐀺𐀫𐀑𐀍𐀚𐀍 (wo-ro-ki-jo-ne-jo /⁠worgioneios⁠/)
• Proto-Indo-Iranian: *warȷ́-
  • Proto-Iranian: *warj- (see there for further descendants)
• ⇒ Proto-Indo-Iranian: *swawr̥šti
  • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *swawr̥ṣṭi
    • Sanskrit: स्ववृष्टि (svávṛṣṭi, “doing his own work, epithet of Indra”)
• Proto-Tocharian: *wärk-
  • Tocharian A: wärkṣäl
  • Tocharian B: warkṣäl