ὄργανον

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *werǵ- (“work”), formed similarly to ξόᾰνον (xóănon, “statue, xoanon”); compare ἔργον (érgon, “work, deed”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ór.ɡa.non/ → /ˈor.ɣa.non/ → /ˈor.ɣa.non/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ór.ɡa.non/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈor.ɡa.non/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈor.ɣa.non/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈor.ɣa.non/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈor.ɣa.non/

Noun

ὄργᾰνον • (órgănon) n (genitive ὀργᾰ́νου); second declension

1. instrument, implement, tool
2. sense organ
3. musical instrument
4. the material of a work (e.g. timber)
5. the product of a work (e.g. lumber)

Inflection

Second declension of τὸ ὄργᾰνον; τοῦ ὀργᾰ́νου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ ὄργᾰνον tò órgănon	τὼ ὀργᾰ́νω tṑ orgắnō	τᾰ̀ ὄργᾰνᾰ tằ órgănă
Genitive	τοῦ ὀργᾰ́νου toû orgắnou	τοῖν ὀργᾰ́νοιν toîn orgắnoin	τῶν ὀργᾰ́νων tôn orgắnōn
Dative	τῷ ὀργᾰ́νῳ tôi orgắnōi	τοῖν ὀργᾰ́νοιν toîn orgắnoin	τοῖς ὀργᾰ́νοις toîs orgắnois
Accusative	τὸ ὄργᾰνον tò órgănon	τὼ ὀργᾰ́νω tṑ orgắnō	τᾰ̀ ὄργᾰνᾰ tằ órgănă
Vocative	ὄργᾰνον órgănon	ὀργᾰ́νω orgắnō	ὄργᾰνᾰ órgănă
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• → Aramaic:
  • Hebrew: אורגנון (ʾōrganōn)
  • Syriac: ܐܘܪܓܢܘܢ (ʾōrgannōn)
• → Georgian: ორგანო (organo)
• Greek: όργανο (órgano)
• → Latin: organum (see there for further descendants)
  • → English: organum, organ, orgue
• → Old Armenian: երգիոն (ergion)
  • Armenian: երգեհոն (ergehon)
• → Persian: ارغنون (arġanun)
• → Polish: organy
• → Ottoman Turkish: ارغنون (erganun)
  • Turkish: erganun
• → Russian: о́рган m (órgan), орга́н m (orgán)
  • Mariupol Greek: орга́но (orháno)

Further reading

• “ὄργανον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ὄργανον”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ὄργανον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• “ὄργανον”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• ὄργανον in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • appliance idem, page 35.
  • implement idem, page 421.
  • instrument idem, page 447.
  • machine idem, page 506.
  • musical instrument idem, page 547.
  • organ idem, page 579.
  • product idem, page 645.
  • tool idem, page 880.
  • utensil idem, page 941.
  • vehicle idem, page 946.
  • work idem, page 988.
• ὄργανον, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011