Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/gʰr̥dʰás

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *gʰr̥dʰ-ó-s, from *gʰerdʰ- (“to enclose”).^[1]

Noun

*gʰr̥dʰás m

Declension

masculine a-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*gʰr̥dʰás	*gʰr̥dʰā́(w)	*gʰr̥dʰā́s(as)
vocative	*gʰŕ̥dʰa	*gʰŕ̥dʰā(w)	*gʰŕ̥dʰās(as)
accusative	*gʰr̥dʰám	*gʰr̥dʰā́(w)	*gʰr̥dʰā́ns
instrumental	*gʰr̥dʰáH	*gʰr̥dʰáybʰyā(m)	*gʰr̥dʰā́yš
ablative	*gʰr̥dʰā́t	*gʰr̥dʰáybʰyā(m)	*gʰr̥dʰáybʰyas
dative	*gʰr̥dʰā́y	*gʰr̥dʰáybʰyā(m)	*gʰr̥dʰáybʰyas
genitive	*gʰr̥dʰásya	*gʰr̥dʰáyās	*gʰr̥dʰā́naHam
locative	*gʰr̥dʰáy	*gʰr̥dʰáyaw	*gʰr̥dʰáyšu

Descendants

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *gr̥dʰás
- Sanskrit: गृह (gṛhá, “house”) (see there for further descendants)
- Sanskrit: *गृध (*gṛdha, “fort”)^[2]
  - Prakrit: 𑀕𑀠 (gaḍha) (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Iranian: *gr̥dáh (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Martirosyan, Hrach (2010), “gerdastan”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 209
^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “gaḍha”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 213

[Martirosyan-1] Martirosyan, Hrach (2010), “gerdastan”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 209

[2] Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “gaḍha”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 213

[1]

[2]