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गृह

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Hindi

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Etymology

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    Learned borrowing from Sanskrit गृह (gṛha). Doublet of घर (ghar).

    Pronunciation

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    • (Delhi) IPA(key): /ɡɾiːɦ/, [ɡɾiːʱ], /ɡɾɪ.ɦᵊ/

    Noun

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    गृह (gŕhm (Urdu spelling گرہ)

    1. house, dwelling, habitation
      Synonyms: घर (ghar), मकान (makān), भवन (bhavan)

    Declension

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    Declension of गृह (masc cons-stem)
    singular plural
    direct गृह
    gŕh
    गृह
    gŕh
    oblique गृह
    gŕh
    गृहों
    gŕhõ
    vocative गृह
    gŕh
    गृहो
    gŕho

    References

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    Sanskrit

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    Alternative scripts

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    Etymology

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      From Proto-Indo-Iranian *gʰr̥dʰás (house), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰr̥dʰ-ó-s, from *gʰerdʰ- (enclosure). Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀 (gərəδa), Old Church Slavonic градъ (gradŭ, city), English yard.

      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      गृह (gṛhá) stemm or n

      1. a house, habitation, home, dwelling
        • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.49.1:
          उषो॑ भ॒द्रेभि॒रा ग॑हि दि॒वश्चि॑द्रोच॒नादधि॑ ।
          वह॑न्त्वरु॒णप्स॑व॒ उप॑ त्वा सो॒मिनो॑ गृ॒हम्
          úṣo bhadrébhirā́ gahi diváścidrocanā́dádhi.
          váhantvaruṇápsava úpa tvā somíno gṛhám.
          Uṣas, come by auspicious way from the bright firmament; let the purple kine bring you to the dwelling of the offer of Soma.
      2. assistant, servant
      3. the inhabitants of a house, family
        1. wife; householder
      4. (at the end of a compound, with names of gods) a temple
        चण्डिकागृहcaṇḍikāgṛhaa temple of Durgā
        देवतागृहdevatāgṛhatemple, chapel
      5. (at the end of a compound, with name of plants) a bower

      Declension

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      Masculine a-stem declension of गृह
      singular dual plural
      nominative गृहः (gṛháḥ) गृहौ (gṛhaú)
      गृहा¹ (gṛhā́¹)
      गृहाः (gṛhā́ḥ)
      गृहासः¹ (gṛhā́saḥ¹)
      accusative गृहम् (gṛhám) गृहौ (gṛhaú)
      गृहा¹ (gṛhā́¹)
      गृहान् (gṛhā́n)
      instrumental गृहेण (gṛhéṇa) गृहाभ्याम् (gṛhā́bhyām) गृहैः (gṛhaíḥ)
      गृहेभिः¹ (gṛhébhiḥ¹)
      dative गृहाय (gṛhā́ya) गृहाभ्याम् (gṛhā́bhyām) गृहेभ्यः (gṛhébhyaḥ)
      ablative गृहात् (gṛhā́t) गृहाभ्याम् (gṛhā́bhyām) गृहेभ्यः (gṛhébhyaḥ)
      genitive गृहस्य (gṛhásya) गृहयोः (gṛháyoḥ) गृहाणाम् (gṛhā́ṇām)
      locative गृहे (gṛhé) गृहयोः (gṛháyoḥ) गृहेषु (gṛhéṣu)
      vocative गृह (gṛ́ha) गृहौ (gṛ́hau)
      गृहा¹ (gṛ́hā¹)
      गृहाः (gṛ́hāḥ)
      गृहासः¹ (gṛ́hāsaḥ¹)
      • ¹Vedic
      • In later Sanskrit only the plural forms of the masculine were used.
      Neuter a-stem declension of गृह
      singular dual plural
      nominative गृहम् (gṛhám) गृहे (gṛhé) गृहाणि (gṛhā́ṇi)
      गृहा¹ (gṛhā́¹)
      accusative गृहम् (gṛhám) गृहे (gṛhé) गृहाणि (gṛhā́ṇi)
      गृहा¹ (gṛhā́¹)
      instrumental गृहेण (gṛhéṇa) गृहाभ्याम् (gṛhā́bhyām) गृहैः (gṛhaíḥ)
      गृहेभिः¹ (gṛhébhiḥ¹)
      dative गृहाय (gṛhā́ya) गृहाभ्याम् (gṛhā́bhyām) गृहेभ्यः (gṛhébhyaḥ)
      ablative गृहात् (gṛhā́t) गृहाभ्याम् (gṛhā́bhyām) गृहेभ्यः (gṛhébhyaḥ)
      genitive गृहस्य (gṛhásya) गृहयोः (gṛháyoḥ) गृहाणाम् (gṛhā́ṇām)
      locative गृहे (gṛhé) गृहयोः (gṛháyoḥ) गृहेषु (gṛhéṣu)
      vocative गृह (gṛ́ha) गृहे (gṛ́he) गृहाणि (gṛ́hāṇi)
      गृहा¹ (gṛ́hā¹)
      • ¹Vedic
      • Used only in the sense "house".

      Noun

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      गृह (gṛhá) stemn

      1. wife
      2. zodiac sign
      3. an astrological mansion
      4. name of the 4th astrological mansion
      5. (chess) square

      Declension

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      Neuter a-stem declension of गृह
      singular dual plural
      nominative गृहम् (gṛhám) गृहे (gṛhé) गृहाणि (gṛhā́ṇi)
      गृहा¹ (gṛhā́¹)
      accusative गृहम् (gṛhám) गृहे (gṛhé) गृहाणि (gṛhā́ṇi)
      गृहा¹ (gṛhā́¹)
      instrumental गृहेण (gṛhéṇa) गृहाभ्याम् (gṛhā́bhyām) गृहैः (gṛhaíḥ)
      गृहेभिः¹ (gṛhébhiḥ¹)
      dative गृहाय (gṛhā́ya) गृहाभ्याम् (gṛhā́bhyām) गृहेभ्यः (gṛhébhyaḥ)
      ablative गृहात् (gṛhā́t) गृहाभ्याम् (gṛhā́bhyām) गृहेभ्यः (gṛhébhyaḥ)
      genitive गृहस्य (gṛhásya) गृहयोः (gṛháyoḥ) गृहाणाम् (gṛhā́ṇām)
      locative गृहे (gṛhé) गृहयोः (gṛháyoḥ) गृहेषु (gṛhéṣu)
      vocative गृह (gṛ́ha) गृहे (gṛ́he) गृहाणि (gṛ́hāṇi)
      गृहा¹ (gṛ́hā¹)
      • ¹Vedic

      Derived terms

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      Descendants

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      References

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      • Monier Williams (1899) “गृह”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, [], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0361/3.
      • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 495