गृह
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Hindi[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit गृह (gṛhá). Doublet of घर (ghar).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
गृह • (gŕh) m (Urdu spelling گرہ)
Declension[edit]
Declension of गृह (masc cons-stem)
References[edit]
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “गृह”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
Sanskrit[edit]
Alternative scripts[edit]
Alternative scripts
- ᬕᬺᬳ (Balinese script)
- গৃহ (Assamese script)
- গৃহ (Bengali script)
- 𑰐𑰴𑰮 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀕𑀾𑀳 (Brahmi script)
- 𑌗𑍃𑌹 (Grantha script)
- ગૃહ (Gujarati script)
- ਗ੍ਹਹ (Gurmukhi script)
- ꦒꦽꦲ (Javanese script)
- គ្ឫហ (Khmer script)
- ಗೃಹ (Kannada script)
- ຄ຺ຣິຫ (Lao script)
- ഗൃഹ (Malayalam script)
- 𑘐𑘵𑘮 (Modi script)
- ᠺᠷᢈᠾᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- ᡤᡵᡳᡥᠠ (Manchu script)
- ဂၖဟ (Burmese script)
- 𑦰𑧖𑧎 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐐𑐺𑐴 (Newa script)
- ଗୃହ (Oriya script)
- ꢔꢺꢲ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆓𑆸𑆲 (Sharada script)
- 𑖐𑖴𑖮 (Siddham script)
- ගෘහ (Sinhalese script)
- గృహ (Telugu script)
- คฺฤห (Thai script)
- གྲྀ་ཧ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒑𑒵𑒯 (Tirhuta script)
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *gʰr̥dʰás (“house”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰr̥dʰ-ó-s, from *gʰerdʰ- (“enclosure”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀 (gərəδa), Old Church Slavonic градъ (gradŭ, “city”), English yard.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
गृह • (gṛhá) m or n
- a house, habitation, home
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.49.1d:
- उषो भद्रेभिरा गहि दिवश्चिद्रोचनादधि ।
वहन्त्वरुणप्सव उप त्वा सोमिनो गृहम् ॥- uṣo bhadrebhirā gahi divaścidrocanādadhi .
vahantvaruṇapsava upa tvā somino gṛham . - E'EN from above the sky's bright realm come, Uṣas, by auspicious ways:
Let red steeds bear thee to the house of him who pours the Soma, juice.
- uṣo bhadrebhirā gahi divaścidrocanādadhi .
- उषो भद्रेभिरा गहि दिवश्चिद्रोचनादधि ।
- assistant, servant
- the inhabitants of a house, family
- (at the end of a compound, with names of gods) a temple
- चण्डिकागृह ― caṇḍikāgṛha ― a temple of Durgā
- देवतागृह ― devatāgṛha ― temple, chapel
- (at the end of a compound, with name of plants) a bower
Declension[edit]
Masculine a-stem declension of गृह (gṛhá) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | गृहः gṛháḥ |
गृहौ gṛhaú |
गृहाः / गृहासः¹ gṛhā́ḥ / gṛhā́saḥ¹ |
Vocative | गृह gṛ́ha |
गृहौ gṛ́hau |
गृहाः / गृहासः¹ gṛ́hāḥ / gṛ́hāsaḥ¹ |
Accusative | गृहम् gṛhám |
गृहौ gṛhaú |
गृहान् gṛhā́n |
Instrumental | गृहेण gṛhéṇa |
गृहाभ्याम् gṛhā́bhyām |
गृहैः / गृहेभिः¹ gṛhaíḥ / gṛhébhiḥ¹ |
Dative | गृहाय gṛhā́ya |
गृहाभ्याम् gṛhā́bhyām |
गृहेभ्यः gṛhébhyaḥ |
Ablative | गृहात् gṛhā́t |
गृहाभ्याम् gṛhā́bhyām |
गृहेभ्यः gṛhébhyaḥ |
Genitive | गृहस्य gṛhásya |
गृहयोः gṛháyoḥ |
गृहाणाम् gṛhā́ṇām |
Locative | गृहे gṛhé |
गृहयोः gṛháyoḥ |
गृहेषु gṛhéṣu |
Notes |
|
Neuter a-stem declension of गृह (gṛhá) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | गृहम् gṛhám |
गृहे gṛhé |
गृहाणि / गृहा¹ gṛhā́ṇi / gṛhā́¹ |
Vocative | गृह gṛ́ha |
गृहे gṛ́he |
गृहाणि / गृहा¹ gṛ́hāṇi / gṛ́hā¹ |
Accusative | गृहम् gṛhám |
गृहे gṛhé |
गृहाणि / गृहा¹ gṛhā́ṇi / gṛhā́¹ |
Instrumental | गृहेण gṛhéṇa |
गृहाभ्याम् gṛhā́bhyām |
गृहैः / गृहेभिः¹ gṛhaíḥ / gṛhébhiḥ¹ |
Dative | गृहाय gṛhā́ya |
गृहाभ्याम् gṛhā́bhyām |
गृहेभ्यः gṛhébhyaḥ |
Ablative | गृहात् gṛhā́t |
गृहाभ्याम् gṛhā́bhyām |
गृहेभ्यः gṛhébhyaḥ |
Genitive | गृहस्य gṛhásya |
गृहयोः gṛháyoḥ |
गृहाणाम् gṛhā́ṇām |
Locative | गृहे gṛhé |
गृहयोः gṛháyoḥ |
गृहेषु gṛhéṣu |
Notes |
|
Noun[edit]
गृह • (gṛhá) n
Declension[edit]
Neuter a-stem declension of गृह (gṛhá) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | गृहम् gṛhám |
गृहे gṛhé |
गृहाणि / गृहा¹ gṛhā́ṇi / gṛhā́¹ |
Vocative | गृह gṛ́ha |
गृहे gṛ́he |
गृहाणि / गृहा¹ gṛ́hāṇi / gṛ́hā¹ |
Accusative | गृहम् gṛhám |
गृहे gṛhé |
गृहाणि / गृहा¹ gṛhā́ṇi / gṛhā́¹ |
Instrumental | गृहेण gṛhéṇa |
गृहाभ्याम् gṛhā́bhyām |
गृहैः / गृहेभिः¹ gṛhaíḥ / gṛhébhiḥ¹ |
Dative | गृहाय gṛhā́ya |
गृहाभ्याम् gṛhā́bhyām |
गृहेभ्यः gṛhébhyaḥ |
Ablative | गृहात् gṛhā́t |
गृहाभ्याम् gṛhā́bhyām |
गृहेभ्यः gṛhébhyaḥ |
Genitive | गृहस्य gṛhásya |
गृहयोः gṛháyoḥ |
गृहाणाम् gṛhā́ṇām |
Locative | गृहे gṛhé |
गृहयोः gṛháyoḥ |
गृहेषु gṛhéṣu |
Notes |
|
Derived terms[edit]
- गेह (geha)
Descendants[edit]
- Ashokan Prakrit: *𑀕𑀭𑁆𑀳 (*garha) (see there for further descendants)
- Dardic:
- Pali: gaha, ghara
- → Khmer: ឃរ (khɔɔ) (learned)
- → Tamil: கிருகம் (kirukam)
- → Bengali: গৃহ (grihô) (learned)
- → Hindustani: (learned)
- Hindi: गृह (gŕh)
- → Kannada: ಗೃಹ (gṛha) (learned)
- → Malay: gerha (learned)
- Indonesian: gerha
- → Malayalam: ഗൃഹം (gr̥haṃ) (learned)
- → Nepali: गृह (gr̥ha) (learned)
- → Old Javanese: gṛha, gerha, greha, griya (learned)
- → Old Javanese: garwa (“wife”)
- → Old Khmer: graha (learned)
- Khmer: គ្រឹហា (krɨhaa)
- → Oriya: ଗୃହ (gruhô) (learned)
- → Telugu: గృహము (gr̥hamu) (learned)
- → Thai: คฤห (krʉ́) (learned)
References[edit]
- Monier Williams (1899), “गृह”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0361.
Categories:
- Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Hindi learned borrowings from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Hindi doublets
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- Hindi nouns
- Hindi terms spelled with ृ
- Hindi masculine nouns
- Hindi masculine consonant-stem nouns
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰerdʰ-
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit nouns
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