गृह
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Hindi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Learned borrowing from Sanskrit गृह (gṛhá). Doublet of घर (ghar).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]गृह • (gŕh) m (Urdu spelling گرہ)
Declension
[edit]Declension of गृह (masc cons-stem)
References
[edit]- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “गृह”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative scripts
[edit]Alternative scripts
- গৃহ (Assamese script)
- ᬕᬺᬳ (Balinese script)
- গৃহ (Bengali script)
- 𑰐𑰴𑰮 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀕𑀾𑀳 (Brahmi script)
- ဂၖဟ (Burmese script)
- ગૃહ (Gujarati script)
- ਗ੍ਰਹ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌗𑍃𑌹 (Grantha script)
- ꦒꦽꦲ (Javanese script)
- 𑂏𑃂𑂯 (Kaithi script)
- ಗೃಹ (Kannada script)
- គ្ឫហ (Khmer script)
- ຄ຺ຣິຫ (Lao script)
- ഗൃഹ (Malayalam script)
- ᡤᡵᡳᡥᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘐𑘵𑘮 (Modi script)
- ᠺᠷᠢᠾᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦰𑧖𑧎 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐐𑐺𑐴 (Newa script)
- ଗୃହ (Odia script)
- ꢔꢺꢲ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆓𑆸𑆲 (Sharada script)
- 𑖐𑖴𑖮 (Siddham script)
- ගෘහ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩞𑩙𑪂 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚌𑚩 (Takri script)
- க்³ரிஹ (Tamil script)
- గృహ (Telugu script)
- คฺฤห (Thai script)
- གྲྀ་ཧ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒑𑒵𑒯 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨍𑨼𑨉𑨱 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-Iranian *gʰr̥dʰás (“house”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰr̥dʰ-ó-s, from *gʰerdʰ- (“enclosure”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀 (gərəδa), Old Church Slavonic градъ (gradŭ, “city”), English yard.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]गृह • (gṛha) stem, m or n
- a house, habitation, home, dwelling
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.49.1:
- उषो॑ भ॒द्रेभि॒रा ग॑हि दि॒वश्चि॑द्रोच॒नादधि॑ ।
वह॑न्त्वरु॒णप्स॑व॒ उप॑ त्वा सो॒मिनो॑ गृ॒हम् ॥- úṣo bhadrébhirā́ gahi diváścidrocanā́dádhi.
váhantvaruṇápsava úpa tvā somíno gṛhám. - Uṣas, come by auspicious way from the bright firmament; let the purple kine bring you to the dwelling of the offer of Soma.
- úṣo bhadrébhirā́ gahi diváścidrocanā́dádhi.
- उषो॑ भ॒द्रेभि॒रा ग॑हि दि॒वश्चि॑द्रोच॒नादधि॑ ।
- assistant, servant
- the inhabitants of a house, family
- (at the end of a compound, with names of gods) a temple
- चण्डिकागृह ― caṇḍikāgṛha ― a temple of Durgā
- देवतागृह ― devatāgṛha ― temple, chapel
- (at the end of a compound, with name of plants) a bower
Declension
[edit]Masculine a-stem declension of गृह (gṛhá) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | गृहः gṛháḥ |
गृहौ / गृहा¹ gṛhaú / gṛhā́¹ |
गृहाः / गृहासः¹ gṛhā́ḥ / gṛhā́saḥ¹ |
Vocative | गृह gṛ́ha |
गृहौ / गृहा¹ gṛ́hau / gṛ́hā¹ |
गृहाः / गृहासः¹ gṛ́hāḥ / gṛ́hāsaḥ¹ |
Accusative | गृहम् gṛhám |
गृहौ / गृहा¹ gṛhaú / gṛhā́¹ |
गृहान् gṛhā́n |
Instrumental | गृहेण gṛhéṇa |
गृहाभ्याम् gṛhā́bhyām |
गृहैः / गृहेभिः¹ gṛhaíḥ / gṛhébhiḥ¹ |
Dative | गृहाय gṛhā́ya |
गृहाभ्याम् gṛhā́bhyām |
गृहेभ्यः gṛhébhyaḥ |
Ablative | गृहात् gṛhā́t |
गृहाभ्याम् gṛhā́bhyām |
गृहेभ्यः gṛhébhyaḥ |
Genitive | गृहस्य gṛhásya |
गृहयोः gṛháyoḥ |
गृहाणाम् gṛhā́ṇām |
Locative | गृहे gṛhé |
गृहयोः gṛháyoḥ |
गृहेषु gṛhéṣu |
Notes |
|
Neuter a-stem declension of गृह (gṛhá) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | गृहम् gṛhám |
गृहे gṛhé |
गृहाणि / गृहा¹ gṛhā́ṇi / gṛhā́¹ |
Vocative | गृह gṛ́ha |
गृहे gṛ́he |
गृहाणि / गृहा¹ gṛ́hāṇi / gṛ́hā¹ |
Accusative | गृहम् gṛhám |
गृहे gṛhé |
गृहाणि / गृहा¹ gṛhā́ṇi / gṛhā́¹ |
Instrumental | गृहेण gṛhéṇa |
गृहाभ्याम् gṛhā́bhyām |
गृहैः / गृहेभिः¹ gṛhaíḥ / gṛhébhiḥ¹ |
Dative | गृहाय gṛhā́ya |
गृहाभ्याम् gṛhā́bhyām |
गृहेभ्यः gṛhébhyaḥ |
Ablative | गृहात् gṛhā́t |
गृहाभ्याम् gṛhā́bhyām |
गृहेभ्यः gṛhébhyaḥ |
Genitive | गृहस्य gṛhásya |
गृहयोः gṛháyoḥ |
गृहाणाम् gṛhā́ṇām |
Locative | गृहे gṛhé |
गृहयोः gṛháyoḥ |
गृहेषु gṛhéṣu |
Notes |
|
Noun
[edit]गृह • (gṛhá) stem, n
Declension
[edit]Neuter a-stem declension of गृह (gṛhá) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | गृहम् gṛhám |
गृहे gṛhé |
गृहाणि / गृहा¹ gṛhā́ṇi / gṛhā́¹ |
Vocative | गृह gṛ́ha |
गृहे gṛ́he |
गृहाणि / गृहा¹ gṛ́hāṇi / gṛ́hā¹ |
Accusative | गृहम् gṛhám |
गृहे gṛhé |
गृहाणि / गृहा¹ gṛhā́ṇi / gṛhā́¹ |
Instrumental | गृहेण gṛhéṇa |
गृहाभ्याम् gṛhā́bhyām |
गृहैः / गृहेभिः¹ gṛhaíḥ / gṛhébhiḥ¹ |
Dative | गृहाय gṛhā́ya |
गृहाभ्याम् gṛhā́bhyām |
गृहेभ्यः gṛhébhyaḥ |
Ablative | गृहात् gṛhā́t |
गृहाभ्याम् gṛhā́bhyām |
गृहेभ्यः gṛhébhyaḥ |
Genitive | गृहस्य gṛhásya |
गृहयोः gṛháyoḥ |
गृहाणाम् gṛhā́ṇām |
Locative | गृहे gṛhé |
गृहयोः gṛháyoḥ |
गृहेषु gṛhéṣu |
Notes |
|
Derived terms
[edit]- गेह (geha)
Descendants
[edit]- Ashokan Prakrit: *𑀕𑀭𑁆𑀳 (*garha) (see there for further descendants)
- Dardic:
- Pali: gaha, ghara
- → Khmer: ឃរ (khɔɔ) (learned)
- → Bengali: গৃহ (grihô) (learned)
- → Hindustani: (learned)
- Hindi: गृह (gŕh)
- → Kannada: ಗೃಹ (gṛha) (learned)
- → Malay: gerha (learned)
- Indonesian: gerha
- → Malayalam: ഗൃഹം (gr̥haṁ), കിരിയം (kiriyaṁ) (learned)
- → Nepali: गृह (gr̥ha) (learned)
- → Old Javanese: gṛha, gerha, greha, griya (learned)
- → Old Javanese: ghāra (“wife”)
- → Old Khmer: graha (learned)
- Khmer: គ្រឹហា (krɨhaa)
- → Odia: ଗୃହ (gruha) (learned)
- → Tamil: கிரகம் (kirakam), கிருகம் (kirukam)
- → Telugu: గృహము (gr̥hamu) (learned)
- → Thai: คฤห (krʉ́) (learned)
References
[edit]- Monier Williams (1899) “गृह”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0361/3.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 495
Categories:
- Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Hindi learned borrowings from Sanskrit
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- Hindi doublets
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- Hindi lemmas
- Hindi nouns
- Hindi masculine nouns
- Hindi masculine consonant-stem nouns
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰerdʰ-
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit nouns
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