Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/grā́mas

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *(h₂)gróm-o-s, from *h₂ger- (“to gather; flock, herd”) +‎ *-os (deverbal suffix). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *gromada (“heap, pile”) (compare Russian грома́да (gromáda, “id”)).

Noun

*(H)grā́mas m

1. bunch, pile, bundle, collection

Declension

masculine a-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*grā́mas	*grā́mā(w)	*grā́mās(as)
vocative	*grā́ma	*grā́mā(w)	*grā́mās(as)
accusative	*grā́mam	*grā́mā(w)	*grā́māns
instrumental	*grā́maH	*grā́maybʰyā(m)	*grā́māyš
dative	*grā́māy	*grā́maybʰyā(m)	*grā́maybʰyas
ablative	*grā́māt	*grā́maybʰyā(m)	*grā́maybʰyas
genitive	*grā́masya	*grā́mayās	*grā́mānaHam
locative	*grā́may	*grā́mayaw	*grā́mayšu

Descendants

• Proto-Indo-Aryan: *grā́mas
  • Sanskrit: ग्राम (grā́ma) (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Iranian: *grā́mah
  • Ossetian: ӕргъом (ærǧom, “bundle, bunch, burden”)
  • ⇒ Proto-Iranian: *grā́makah
    • Parthian:

      Manichaean script: 𐫃𐫡𐫀𐫖𐫃 (grʾmg /⁠grāmag⁠/)

    • Middle Persian: (“property, wealth”)

      Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (glʾmk' /⁠grāmag⁠/)

    • Sogdian: [script needed] (grʾmʾk)
• Proto-Nuristani: *grāma (see there for further descendants)