ग्राम

See also: गर्मी, गरमी, and गर्म

Hindi

ग्राम • (grām) m (Urdu spelling گرام)

ग्राम • (grām) m (Urdu spelling گرام)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *grā́mas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *grā́mas, from Proto-Indo-European *(h₂)gróm-os, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ger- (“to assemble, gather together”). Cognate with Middle Persian [script needed] (grāmag, “property, wealth”).

ग्राम • (grā́ma) stem, m

an inhabited place, village, hamlet, settlement
the collective inhabitants of place, community, race
any number of men associated together, multitude, troop (especially of soldiers)
the old women of a family
a multitude, class, collection, number
a number of tones, scale, gamut
indriya
inhabitants, people

Masculine a-stem declension of ग्राम
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	ग्रामः (grā́maḥ)	ग्रामौ (grā́mau) ग्रामा¹ (grā́mā¹)	ग्रामाः (grā́māḥ) ग्रामासः¹ (grā́māsaḥ¹)
accusative	ग्रामम् (grā́mam)	ग्रामौ (grā́mau) ग्रामा¹ (grā́mā¹)	ग्रामान् (grā́mān)
instrumental	ग्रामेण (grā́meṇa)	ग्रामाभ्याम् (grā́mābhyām)	ग्रामैः (grā́maiḥ) ग्रामेभिः¹ (grā́mebhiḥ¹)
dative	ग्रामाय (grā́māya)	ग्रामाभ्याम् (grā́mābhyām)	ग्रामेभ्यः (grā́mebhyaḥ)
ablative	ग्रामात् (grā́māt)	ग्रामाभ्याम् (grā́mābhyām)	ग्रामेभ्यः (grā́mebhyaḥ)
genitive	ग्रामस्य (grā́masya)	ग्रामयोः (grā́mayoḥ)	ग्रामाणाम् (grā́māṇām)
locative	ग्रामे (grā́me)	ग्रामयोः (grā́mayoḥ)	ग्रामेषु (grā́meṣu)
vocative	ग्राम (grā́ma)	ग्रामौ (grā́mau) ग्रामा¹ (grā́mā¹)	ग्रामाः (grā́māḥ) ग्रामासः¹ (grā́māsaḥ¹)

ग्राम • (grāma) stem, n

Neuter a-stem declension of ग्राम
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	ग्रामम् (grāmam)	ग्रामे (grāme)	ग्रामाणि (grāmāṇi) ग्रामा¹ (grāmā¹)
accusative	ग्रामम् (grāmam)	ग्रामे (grāme)	ग्रामाणि (grāmāṇi) ग्रामा¹ (grāmā¹)
instrumental	ग्रामेण (grāmeṇa)	ग्रामाभ्याम् (grāmābhyām)	ग्रामैः (grāmaiḥ) ग्रामेभिः¹ (grāmebhiḥ¹)
dative	ग्रामाय (grāmāya)	ग्रामाभ्याम् (grāmābhyām)	ग्रामेभ्यः (grāmebhyaḥ)
ablative	ग्रामात् (grāmāt)	ग्रामाभ्याम् (grāmābhyām)	ग्रामेभ्यः (grāmebhyaḥ)
genitive	ग्रामस्य (grāmasya)	ग्रामयोः (grāmayoḥ)	ग्रामाणाम् (grāmāṇām)
locative	ग्रामे (grāme)	ग्रामयोः (grāmayoḥ)	ग्रामेषु (grāmeṣu)
vocative	ग्राम (grāma)	ग्रामे (grāme)	ग्रामाणि (grāmāṇi) ग्रामा¹ (grāmā¹)

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀕𑀸𑀫 (gāma)
- Prakrit: 𑀕𑀸𑀫 (gāma) (see there for further descendants)
- Bengali: গাঁ (gā)
Dardic:
- Dameli: [script needed] (gram)
- Gawar-Bati: [script needed] (lām)
- Grangali: [script needed] (lām)
- Indus Kohistani: [script needed] (gā̃)
- Kalami: [script needed] (lām)
- Kalasha: grom
- Khowar: [script needed] (gram) (in compounds)
- Kashmiri: گام (gām)
- Northeast Pashayi: [script needed] (lāma)
- Phalura: [script needed] (grōm)
- Savi: [script needed] (grām)
- Shina: [script needed] (gām)
- Shumashti: [script needed] (lām)
- Southeast Pashayi: [script needed] (lām)
- Torwali: [script needed] (gām)
- Wotapuri-Katarqalai: [script needed] (gām)
Pali: gāma
Old Punjabi:
- Punjabi: grāṉ (“village”)
  Gurmukhi script: ਗਰਾਂ
  
  Shahmukhi script: گراں
- Pahari-Potwari: گراں (grāṉ, “village”)
→ Tamil: கிராமம் (kirāmam)
→ Assamese: গ্ৰাম (gram) (learned)
→ Bengali: গ্রাম (gram) (learned)
- → Rohingya: gram
→ Hindi: ग्राम (grām) (learned)
→ Kannada: ಗ್ರಾಮ (grāma) (learned)
→ Marathi: ग्राम (grām) (learned)
→ Punjabi: ਗਰਾਮ (garām) (learned)
→ Telugu: గ్రామము (grāmamu) (learned)
→ Bengali: গেরাম (geram) (semi-learned)
→ Sylheti: ꠉꠦꠞꠣꠝ (geram) (semi-learned)

Monier Williams (1899) “ग्राम”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0373/1.
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 507-508
Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “grāˊma”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press