Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/puluq

This Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian cardinal numbers

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Cardinal : *puluq

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *puluq.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /puluʔ/, /puluq/

Numeral

*puluq

1. ten

Descendants

• East Barito:
  • Malagasy: folo
• Proto-Philippine:
  • Aklanon: púeo
  • Cebuano: napulo/pulo
  • Ilocano: pullo
• Sama-Bajaw:
  • West Coast Bajau: mpu
• Proto-Polynesian: *fulu
  • Proto-Nuclear Polynesian:
    • Proto-Eastern Polynesian:
      • Hawaiian: hulu
      • Maori: huru
      • Rapa Nui: huru
      • South Marquesan: hu'u
    • Samoan: fulu
  • Tongan: fulu
• Sumba-Flores
  • Laboya: kabullu
• Malayo-chamic
  • • Proto-Chamic: *pluh
      • Tsat: piu⁵⁵
    • Proto-Malayic: *puluh (see there for further descendants)
• Old Javanese: puluh
  • > Javanese: ꦥꦸꦭꦸꦃ (puluh) (inherited)

Derived terms

• Compound with an unclear first element (Oceanic only)
  • Fijian: sagavulu
  • Proto-Polynesian: *haŋafulu
    • Niuean: hogofulu
    • Proto-Nuclear Polynesian:
      • Proto-Eastern Polynesian:
        • Hawaiian: ana-hulu/anahulu
        • Tahitian: ʻahuru
        • Maori: ngahuru (archaic)
        • Rapa Nui: 'aŋahuru
        • South Marquesan: ʻonohuʻu
      • Samoan: sefulu
    • Tongan: hongo-fulu/hongofulu
• *sa-puluq
  • Proto-Philippine:
    • Maguindanao: sapulu
  • Sama-Bajaw:
    • West Coast Bajau: sepuu
  • Celebic:
    • Lindu: sampulu
  • Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:
    • Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:
      • Proto-Oceanic:
        • Central-Eastern Oceanic:
          • Proto-Polynesian:
            • Proto-Nuclear Polynesian:
              • Samoan: sefulu
              • Tuvaluan: sefulu
  • Javanese: sapuluh
  • Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan:
    • Proto-Malayo-Chamic:
      • Proto-Malayic:
        • Banjarese: sapuluh
        • Malay: sapuloh, sepuluh, satu puluh, sĕpuloh, sapuloh, săpuloh (1924-1972)
          • Indonesian: sepuluh
          • North Moluccan Malay: sapulu, spulu
        • Minangkabau: sapuluah
• *ma-puluq
  • Philippine:
    • Gorontalo: mopulu