hulu

See also: húlu and hūlū

Chamorro

Etymology

From Pre-Chamorro *θələx, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dələk.

Noun

hulu

1. thunder

Hawaiian

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *fulu, from Proto-Central Pacific *vulu, from Proto-Oceanic *pulu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bulu (compare Malay bulu).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈhu.lu/

Noun

hulu (plural huluhulu)

1. (anatomy) hair (the collection or mass of filaments growing from the skin of humans and animals)
2. (anatomy) fur
3. (anatomy) feather

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay hulu, from Proto-Malayic *hulu(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qulu, from Proto-Austronesian *qulu. Doublet of ulu.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈhulu/ [ˈhu.lu]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ulu
• Syllabification: hu‧lu

Noun

hulu (plural hulu-hulu)

1. (anatomy, obsolete) head (part of the body)

   Synonym: kepala

   huluku sakit.

   My head hurts.

2. upstream

   Antonym: hilir

3. village

   Synonyms: desa, udik

4. handle

   Synonym: pegangan

5. beginning

   Synonyms: awal, pangkal, permulaan

Derived terms

• berhulu
• berhulukan
• menghulu
• menghulukan
• penghulu
• penghuluan

• hulu hati
• hulu hilir
• hulu kepala
• hulu kerongkongan
• hulu ledak
• hulu sungai

Further reading

• “hulu” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Javanese

Romanization

hulu

1. Romanization of ꦲꦸꦭꦸ

Lower Sorbian

Noun

hulu

1. Obsolete spelling of wulu.

Malay

Alternative forms

• ulu (dated)

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *hulu(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qulu, from Proto-Austronesian *qulu, doublet of ulu. Head sense mainly replaced by kepala but preserved in court language.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈhulu/ [ˈhu.lu]
• Rhymes: -ulu, -lu, -u

Noun

hulu (Jawi spelling هولو, plural hulu-hulu)

1. (anatomy, obsolete) head (part of the body)

   Synonyms: kepala, jemala, tendas

2. top part of something

   Synonym: kepala

   hulu keris: keris hilt or handle

3. upstream, inland

   Synonyms: udik, banat

4. starting, beginning

   Synonyms: pangkal, permulaan

Usage notes

Especially used in court language e.g. addressing royals or in manuscripts.

Derived terms

• hulubalang
• penghulu

Related terms

• dahulu, dulu

Descendants

• Indonesian: hulu
• → Chinese: 烏魯／乌鲁 (Wūlǔ)
• → English: ulu

References

• Pijnappel, Jan (1875) “هولو hoeloe”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek‎^[1], John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, page 147
• Wilkinson, Richard James (1901) “هولو hulu”, in A Malay-English dictionary‎^[2], Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, page 693
• Wilkinson, Richard James (1932) “hulu”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised)‎^[3], volume I, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 413

Further reading

• “hulu” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

Old English

Etymology

Ultimately from the zero-grade of Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to hide, conceal”). From the same root as helan (“to hide, conceal”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈxu.lu/, [ˈhu.lu]

Noun

hulu f

1. hull, husk

Declension

Strong ō-stem:

	singular	plural
nominative	hulu	hula, hule
accusative	hule	hula, hule
genitive	hule	hula
dative	hule	hulum

References

• Joseph Bosworth, T. Northcote Toller (1898) “hulu”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, second edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Old Javanese

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qulu, from Proto-Austronesian *qulu.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /hu.lu/
• Rhymes: -lu
• Hyphenation: hu‧lu

Noun

hulu

1. head
2. head-waters of a river, upstream
3. head of, chief of, in charge of

Derived terms

• ahulu
• hulwan
• humulu
• kulwan
• mahulu
• makahulu
• makapaṅhulu
• pahulu
• paṅhulu
• pinakapaṅhulu
• ulon

• hulu bañu
• hulu kayu
• hulu kuwu
• hulu kĕmbaṅ
• hulu lañcaṅ
• hulu paṅan
• hulu sĕkar
• hulu turus
• hulu tĕṅah
• hulu warak
• hulu wras
• hulu wuṅkuk
• hulu wwatan
• karaṅ hulu
• wulaṅ hulu

Descendants

• > Javanese: ꦲꦸꦭꦸ (ulu), ꦮꦸꦭꦸ (wulu) (inherited)

Further reading

• "hulu" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.

Swahili

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic [Term?].

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Verb

-hulu (infinitive kuhulu)

1. to stop, to cease

Conjugation

Conjugation of -hulu
Positive present -nahulu Subjunctive -hulu Negative -hulu Imperative singular hulu
Infinitives
Positive kuhulu Negative kutohulu
Imperatives
Singular hulu Plural huluni
Tensed forms
Habitual huhulu Positive past positive subject concord + -lihulu Negative past negative subject concord + -kuhulu
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nahulu) Singular Plural 1st person ninahulu/nahulu tunahulu 2nd person unahulu mnahulu 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anahulu wanahulu other classes positive subject concord + -nahulu
Negative present (negative subject concord + -hulu) Singular Plural 1st person sihulu hatuhulu 2nd person huhulu hamhulu 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hahulu hawahulu other classes negative subject concord + -hulu
Positive future positive subject concord + -tahulu Negative future negative subject concord + -tahulu
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -hulu) Singular Plural 1st person nihulu tuhulu 2nd person uhulu mhulu 3rd person m-wa(I/II) ahulu wahulu other classes positive subject concord + -hulu
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sihulu Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngehulu Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singehulu Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalihulu Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalihulu
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -ahulu) Singular Plural 1st person nahulu twahulu 2nd person wahulu mwahulu 3rd person m-wa(I/II) ahulu wahulu m-mi(III/IV) wahulu yahulu ji-ma(V/VI) lahulu yahulu ki-vi(VII/VIII) chahulu vyahulu n(IX/X) yahulu zahulu u(XI) wahulu see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwahulu pa(XVI) pahulu mu(XVIII) mwahulu
Perfect positive subject concord + -mehulu "Already" positive subject concord + -meshahulu "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jahulu "If/When" positive subject concord + -kihulu "If not" positive subject concord + -sipohulu Consecutive kahulu / positive subject concord + -kahulu Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kahulu
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nihulu -tuhulu 2nd person -kuhulu -wahulu/-kuhuluni/-wahuluni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mhulu -wahulu m-mi(III/IV) -uhulu -ihulu ji-ma(V/VI) -lihulu -yahulu ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kihulu -vihulu n(IX/X) -ihulu -zihulu u(XI) -uhulu see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kuhulu pa(XVI) -pahulu mu(XVIII) -muhulu Reflexive -jihulu
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -hulu- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -huluye -huluo m-mi(III/IV) -huluo -huluyo ji-ma(V/VI) -hululo -huluyo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -hulucho -huluvyo n(IX/X) -huluyo -huluzo u(XI) -huluo see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -huluko pa(XVI) -hulupo mu(XVIII) -hulumo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -hulu) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yehulu -ohulu m-mi(III/IV) -ohulu -yohulu ji-ma(V/VI) -lohulu -yohulu ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chohulu -vyohulu n(IX/X) -yohulu -zohulu u(XI) -ohulu see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kohulu pa(XVI) -pohulu mu(XVIII) -mohulu
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.