Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ʕaśar-

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This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

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Proto-Semitic numbers (edit)
 ←  1  ←  9 10 100  →  1,000  → 
1
    Cardinal: *ʕaśar-

Etymology

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Possibly related to Egyptian ꜥšꜣ (to be many).

Numeral

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*ʕaśar-

  1. ten

Usage notes

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This number exhibited chiastic concord (gender polarity), in which masculine forms were used to agree with feminine nouns, and feminine forms with masculine nouns.

Inflection

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    Declension of *ʕaśar-
Case m f
Nominative *ʕaśarum *ʕaśaratum
Accusative *ʕaśaram *ʕaśaratam
Genitive *ʕaśarim *ʕaśaratim

Descendants

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From *ʕaśar-um (nominative absolute)

From *ʕaśar-at-um (nominative absolute)

References

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  • Huehnergard, John (2019) “Proto-Semitic”, in Huehnergard, John and Na'ama Pat-El, editors, The Semitic Languages, 2nd edition, Routledge, →ISBN, page 61
  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Benjamin D. Suchard (2019) “A Concise Historical Morphology of Biblical Hebrew”, in The Development of the Biblical Hebrew Vowels[1], Brill, →ISBN, page 243
  2. ^ The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon[2], The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2020, 13200: Zak
  3. 3.0 3.1 Aren M. Wilson-Wright (2019) “The Canaanite Languages”, in The Semitic Languages[3], 2nd edition, Routledge, →ISBN, page 529
  4. 4.0 4.1 Miller Prosser (2017) “Introduction to Ugaritic Grammar”, in The Ras Shamra Tablet Inventory Blog[4], University of Chicago, Lesson 5
  5. ^ Ahmad Al-Jallad (2020) “Phonology”, in A Manual of the Historical Grammar of Arabic[5], page 36