Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/řutiti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative forms

• *rutiti

Etymology

Denominative causative derived from (sparsely attested) *řutь (“ripple”) +‎ *-iti or another unattested derivative of *řuti ~ *ruti (“to rupture, to separate”). Furhter origin disputed: has been linked to Proto-Indo-European *h₃rew- (“to cast”) and *(H)rewH- (“to rip, to dig”). Akin to Latin ruō and Middle High German riuten.

Verb

*řutiti

1. (transitive) to drop, to cast, to scatter

   Synonyms: *kydati, *roniti

2. (reflexive) (+ *sę) to fall, to collapse

   *večerъ sę rutitь ― night is falling

Inflection

Conjugation of *řutiti, *řuti, *řutitь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*řuťenьje	*řutiti	*řutitъ	*řutilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*řuťenъ	*řutimъ
Active	*řuťь	*řutę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*řutixъ	*řuti	*řuti	*řuťǫ	*řutiši	*řutitь
Dual	*řutixově	*řutista	*řutiste	*řutivě	*řutita	*řutite
Plural	*řutixomъ	*řutiste	*řutišę	*řutimъ	*řutite	*řutętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*řuťaaxъ	*řuťaaše	*řuťaaše	—	*řuti	*řuti
Dual	*řuťaaxově	*řuťaašeta	*řuťaašete	*řutivě	*řutita	—
Plural	*řuťaaxomъ	*řuťaašete	*řuťaaxǫ	*řutimъ	*řutite	—

Notes:
• (*)*řutivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Related terms

• *ruti, *rъvati (“to pull apart”)
  • *ruvati (“to strew”)
• *ruta (“type of garment”)
  • *rutišče (“rag, carpet”)
• *ruslo (“duct, channel”)
• *ruxъ (“perturbation”), *ruxa (“deformation”)

Descendants

• East Slavic
  • Old East Slavic: рутити (rutiti), рютити (rjutiti)
    • Russian: рути́ть (rutítʹ), рю́тить (rjútitʹ)
• South Slavic
  • Bulgarian: ру́тя (rútja), ру́тя се (rútja se)
  • Slovene: rutíti (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic
  • Czech: routit, řítit
  • Polish: rzucić
  • Slovak: rútiť

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “рю́тить”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “рути́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (2002), “рутя”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 6 (пỳскам – словàр²), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 356