ruo

See also: ruó, ruò, and ru'o

Translingual

Symbol

ruo

1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Istro-Romanian.

See also

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Istro-Romanian terms

Franco-Provençal

Noun

ruo (Old Dauphinois)

1. alternative form of roua (“wheel”)

References

• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “rŏta”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 10: R, page 490

Galician

Verb

ruo

1. (reintegrationist norm) first-person singular present indicative of ruar

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈru.oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈruː.o]

Etymology 1

From Proto-Italic *rowō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rew- (“to run, hurry”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ὀρούω (oroúō, “hurry”).

Verb

ruō (present infinitive ruere, perfect active ruī, supine rutum); third conjugation

1. to hurry, rush, hasten, move quickly

   Synonyms: currō, accurrō, trepidō, festīnō, prōvolō, properō, prōripiō, corripiō, affluō, mātūrō, prōsiliō

   Antonyms: retardō, cū̆nctor, moror, dubitō, prōtrahō, trahō, differō

2. to collapse, fall down, fall in ruins, topple
   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 2.290:

     “‘Hostis habet mūrōs; ruit altō ā culmine Troia.’”

     [Aeneas recalls Hector’s dire warning:] “‘The enemy holds [our] walls; Troy is toppling down from [her] lofty height.’”

3. to fail, fall

   Synonyms: corruō, cadō, incidō, incurrō, occidō, accidō

4. to cast down; to hurl to the ground, prostrate

   Synonyms: prōsternō, sternō, fundō, prōflīgō

Conjugation

   Conjugation of ruō (third conjugation)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	ruō		ruis		ruit		ruimus		ruitis		ruunt
	imperfect	ruēbam		ruēbās		ruēbat		ruēbāmus		ruēbātis		ruēbant
	future	ruam		ruēs		ruet		ruēmus		ruētis		ruent
	perfect	ruī		ruistī		ruit		ruimus		ruistis		ruērunt, ruēre
	pluperfect	rueram		ruerās		ruerat		ruerāmus		ruerātis		ruerant
	future perfect	ruerō		rueris		ruerit		ruerimus		rueritis		ruerint
passive	present	ruor		rueris, ruere		ruitur		ruimur		ruiminī		ruuntur
	imperfect	ruēbar		ruēbāris, ruēbāre		ruēbātur		ruēbāmur		ruēbāminī		ruēbantur
	future	ruar		ruēris, ruēre		ruētur		ruēmur		ruēminī		ruentur
	perfect	rutus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	rutus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	rutus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	ruam		ruās		ruat		ruāmus		ruātis		ruant
	imperfect	ruerem		ruerēs		rueret		ruerēmus		ruerētis		ruerent
	perfect	ruerim		ruerīs		ruerit		ruerīmus		ruerītis		ruerint
	pluperfect	ruissem		ruissēs		ruisset		ruissēmus		ruissētis		ruissent
passive	present	ruar		ruāris, ruāre		ruātur		ruāmur		ruāminī		ruantur
	imperfect	ruerer		ruerēris, ruerēre		ruerētur		ruerēmur		ruerēminī		ruerentur
	perfect	rutus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	rutus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		rue		—		—		ruite		—
	future	—		ruitō		ruitō		—		ruitōte		ruuntō
passive	present	—		ruere		—		—		ruiminī		—
	future	—		ruitor		ruitor		—		—		ruuntor
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		ruere			ruī			ruēns			—
future		ruitūrum esse			rutum īrī			ruitūrus			ruendus
perfect		ruisse			rutum esse			—			rutus
future perfect		—			rutum fore			—			—
perfect potential		rutūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		ruendī		ruendō		ruendum		ruendō		rutum		rutū

Derived terms

• arruō
• corruō
• dēruō
• diruō
• eruō
• irruō
• obruō
• ruīna
• surruō

Descendants

• French: ruer
• Italian: ruere, ruire
• Portuguese: ruir
• Spanish: ruir
• Sardinian: ruere, arrui

Etymology 2

From Proto-Italic *rowō, from Proto-Indo-European *(H)rewH- (“to tear out, dig out”).

Verb

ruō (present infinitive ruere); third conjugation, no perfect or supine stems

2. to dig out

Usage notes

There has been some confusion between the derivatives of the two verbs.

Conjugation

   Conjugation of ruō (third conjugation, no perfect or supine stems)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	ruō		ruis		ruit		ruimus		ruitis		ruunt
	imperfect	ruēbam		ruēbās		ruēbat		ruēbāmus		ruēbātis		ruēbant
	future	ruam		ruēs		ruet		ruēmus		ruētis		ruent
passive	present	ruor		rueris, ruere		ruitur		ruimur		ruiminī		ruuntur
	imperfect	ruēbar		ruēbāris, ruēbāre		ruēbātur		ruēbāmur		ruēbāminī		ruēbantur
	future	ruar		ruēris, ruēre		ruētur		ruēmur		ruēminī		ruentur
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	ruam		ruās		ruat		ruāmus		ruātis		ruant
	imperfect	ruerem		ruerēs		rueret		ruerēmus		ruerētis		ruerent
passive	present	ruar		ruāris, ruāre		ruātur		ruāmur		ruāminī		ruantur
	imperfect	ruerer		ruerēris, ruerēre		ruerētur		ruerēmur		ruerēminī		ruerentur
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		rue		—		—		ruite		—
	future	—		ruitō		ruitō		—		ruitōte		ruuntō
passive	present	—		ruere		—		—		ruiminī		—
	future	—		ruitor		ruitor		—		—		ruuntor
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		ruere			ruī			ruēns			—
future		—			—			—			ruendus
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		ruendī		ruendō		ruendum		ruendō		—		—

Derived terms

• rutrum
• rutus
• rutābulum

Further reading

• “ruo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ruo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ruo”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to be ruined, undone: ad interitum ruere
    
• Pokorny, Julius (1959), Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 326

Lutuv

Etymology

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *ram, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *rəm.

Noun

ruo

1. forest
2. land, country

Mandarin

Romanization

ruo

1. nonstandard spelling of ruó
2. nonstandard spelling of ruò

Usage notes

• Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Marshallese

Etymology

From Proto-Micronesian *rua, from Proto-Oceanic *rua, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *dua, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *dua, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duha, from Proto-Austronesian *duSa.

Pronunciation

• (phonetics) IPA^(key): [rˠuɔ]
• (phonemic) IPA^(key): /rˠiwɛw/
• Bender phonemes: {riwew}

Numeral

ruo

1. two

References

• Marshallese–English Online Dictionary

Portuguese

Verb

ruo

1. first-person singular present indicative of ruar