sterno

See also: Sterno, ŝterno, and sterno-

Italian

Etymology

From Ancient Greek στέρνον (stérnon, “chest, breastbone, heart”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈstɛr.no/
• Rhymes: -ɛrno
• Hyphenation: stèr‧no

Noun

sterno m (plural sterni)

1. (anatomy) breastbone, sternum

Derived terms

• sternale

Anagrams

• nostre

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *stornō, from Proto-Indo-European *str̥-n-h₃-, n-infix present of the root *sterh₃- (“to spread, extend”). Cognate with Sanskrit आस्तॄ (āstṝ, “spread”), Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬁𐬌𐬙𐬌 (stər^ənāⁱti, “spread, extend”), Ancient Greek στόρνυμι (stórnumi, “scatter”), στρατός (stratós, “army, people, body of men”), Old Church Slavonic прострѣти (prostrěti, “stretch, expand”), просторъ (prostorŭ, “spaciousness”), Old English strewian (English strew), Old Norse strá.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈster.noː/, [ˈs̠t̪ɛrnoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈster.no/, [ˈst̪ɛrno]

Verb

sternō (present infinitive sternere, perfect active strāvī, supine strātum); third conjugation

1. (transitive) to spread, stretch out, spread out

   Synonyms: cōnfundō, effundō, fundō, diffundō, dēfundō, differō, indūcō, dissipō

2. (transitive, rare) to calm, still, moderate
3. (transitive) to cover, spread with, scatter with, bestrew with, besprinkle
4. (transitive, of a road, path) to pave, cover
5. (transitive) to stretch on the ground, throw to the ground, cast down, strike down, prostrate

   Synonyms: prōsternō, fundō, prōflīgō, impellō, ruō, subvertō, pervertō, ēvertō, dēturbō, versō, afflīgō

6. to overthrow

   Synonyms: prōflīgō, impellō, subvertō, fundō, pervertō, ēvertō, dēturbō, prōsternō, afflīgō, dissipō, vertō, versō

   • c. 13th C., O Fortuna, lines 34-36:

     Quod per sortem sternit fortem, mecum omnes plangite!

     That which through fate strikes the strong man down, everyone bemoan [it] with me!

7. (transitive, by extension) to knock to the ground, demolish, raze, level, flatten

   Synonyms: assolō, adaequō, aequō, pariō

Conjugation

Conjugation of sternō (third conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	sternō	sternis	sternit	sternimus	sternitis	sternunt
	imperfect	sternēbam	sternēbās	sternēbat	sternēbāmus	sternēbātis	sternēbant
	future	sternam	sternēs	sternet	sternēmus	sternētis	sternent
	perfect	strāvī	strāvistī	strāvit	strāvimus	strāvistis	strāvērunt, strāvēre
	pluperfect	strāveram	strāverās	strāverat	strāverāmus	strāverātis	strāverant
	future perfect	strāverō	strāveris	strāverit	strāverimus	strāveritis	strāverint
passive	present	sternor	sterneris, sternere	sternitur	sternimur	sterniminī	sternuntur
	imperfect	sternēbar	sternēbāris, sternēbāre	sternēbātur	sternēbāmur	sternēbāminī	sternēbantur
	future	sternar	sternēris, sternēre	sternētur	sternēmur	sternēminī	sternentur
	perfect	strātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	strātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	strātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	sternam	sternās	sternat	sternāmus	sternātis	sternant
	imperfect	sternerem	sternerēs	sterneret	sternerēmus	sternerētis	sternerent
	perfect	strāverim	strāverīs	strāverit	strāverīmus	strāverītis	strāverint
	pluperfect	strāvissem	strāvissēs	strāvisset	strāvissēmus	strāvissētis	strāvissent
passive	present	sternar	sternāris, sternāre	sternātur	sternāmur	sternāminī	sternantur
	imperfect	sternerer	sternerēris, sternerēre	sternerētur	sternerēmur	sternerēminī	sternerentur
	perfect	strātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	strātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	sterne	—	—	sternite	—
	future	—	sternitō	sternitō	—	sternitōte	sternuntō
passive	present	—	sternere	—	—	sterniminī	—
	future	—	sternitor	sternitor	—	—	sternuntor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		sternere	strāvisse	strātūrum esse	sternī	strātum esse	strātum īrī
participles		sternēns	—	strātūrus	—	strātus	sternendus, sternundus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		sternendī	sternendō	sternendum	sternendō	strātum	strātū

Derived terms

• asternō
• cōnsternō
• desternō
• exsternō
• persternō
• prōsternō
• sternāx
• strāta
• strātum
• strātus
• substernō
• īnsternō

 

Descendants

• Franco-Provençal: êterdre
• Old French: esternir (through alternative form *sternire), esterdre (merged with the root extergere)
  • French: éternir (dialectal, Normandy), étarnir (dialectal, Savoie), éterdre (dialectal, Savoie, Jura and Switzerland)
• Friulian: stierni
• Italian: sternere

References

• “sterno”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “sterno”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• sterno in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to pave a road: viam sternere (silice, saxo)
    
  • to saddle a horse: sternere equum
    
  • (ambiguous) to prostrate oneself before a person: ad pedes alicuius iacēre, stratum esse (stratum iacēre)
    
• Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN

Old High German

Alternative forms

• sterro, stern

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *sterrō, variant of *sternō, from Proto-Germanic *sternô, *sternǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr. Compare Old Saxon sterro, Old Frisian stēra, Old English steorra, Old Norse stjarna, Gothic 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌽𐍉 (stairnō).

Noun

sterno m

1. star

Descendants

• Middle High German: stërne, stërre, stërn
  • Alemannic German: Stern
  • Bavarian: Stean

    Mòcheno: stern

  • Central Franconian: Stään, Stär, Stären, Stern

    Hunsrik: Stern

    Luxembourgish: Stär

  • German: Stern
  • Vilamovian: śtaom
  • Yiddish: שטערן (shtern)