stratus

English

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *str̥h₃tós

Proto-Italic *strātos

Latin stratuslbor.

English stratus

Borrowed from Latin stratus. Doublet of strath.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈstɹeɪ.təs/, /ˈstɹæt.əs/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -eɪtəs
• Hyphenation: stra‧tus

Noun

stratus (usually uncountable, plural strati)

1. (meteorology) A principal, low-level cloud type in the form of a gray layer with a rather uniform base, usually not associated with precipitation, and capable of producing corona phenomena and a weak, uniform luminance; abbreviated St.

Derived terms

• stratus fractus

Translations

cloud

• Bulgarian: слоест облак m (sloest oblak)
• Catalan: estratus m, estrat (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 層雲 / 层云 (cang⁴ wan⁴)

  Mandarin: 層雲 / 层云 (zh) (céngyún)

• Finnish: sumupilvi (fi)
• Icelandic: þokuský n, lágský (is) n
• Japanese: 層雲 (そううん, sōun)
• Korean: 층운 (cheung'un)
• Latin: stratus m, nubes strata f
• Macedonian: стратус m (stratus)
• Māori: pūtahi, kupenga a Taramainuku
• Russian: слои́стое (ru) (sloístoje) облако (ru) (oblako)
• Spanish: estrato (es) m
• Tagalog: saraying alapaap

Finnish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin stratus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈstrɑtus/, [ˈs̠trɑ̝t̪us̠]
• Rhymes: -ɑtus
• Syllabification^(key): stra‧tus
• Hyphenation^(key): stra‧tus

Noun

stratus

1. synonym of sumupilvi (“stratus (cloud)”)

Declension

Inflection of stratus (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation)
nominative		stratus	stratukset
genitive		stratuksen	stratusten stratuksien
partitive		stratusta	stratuksia
illative		stratukseen	stratuksiin
		singular	plural
nominative		stratus	stratukset
accusative	nom.	stratus	stratukset
	gen.	stratuksen
genitive		stratuksen	stratusten stratuksien
partitive		stratusta	stratuksia
inessive		stratuksessa	stratuksissa
elative		stratuksesta	stratuksista
illative		stratukseen	stratuksiin
adessive		stratuksella	stratuksilla
ablative		stratukselta	stratuksilta
allative		stratukselle	stratuksille
essive		stratuksena	stratuksina
translative		stratukseksi	stratuksiksi
abessive		stratuksetta	stratuksitta
instructive		—	stratuksin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of stratus (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative stratukseni stratukseni accusative nom. stratukseni stratukseni gen. stratukseni genitive stratukseni stratusteni stratuksieni partitive stratustani stratuksiani inessive stratuksessani stratuksissani elative stratuksestani stratuksistani illative stratukseeni stratuksiini adessive stratuksellani stratuksillani ablative stratukseltani stratuksiltani allative stratukselleni stratuksilleni essive stratuksenani stratuksinani translative stratuksekseni stratuksikseni abessive stratuksettani stratuksittani instructive — — comitative — stratuksineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative stratuksesi stratuksesi accusative nom. stratuksesi stratuksesi gen. stratuksesi genitive stratuksesi stratustesi stratuksiesi partitive stratustasi stratuksiasi inessive stratuksessasi stratuksissasi elative stratuksestasi stratuksistasi illative stratukseesi stratuksiisi adessive stratuksellasi stratuksillasi ablative stratukseltasi stratuksiltasi allative stratuksellesi stratuksillesi essive stratuksenasi stratuksinasi translative stratukseksesi stratuksiksesi abessive stratuksettasi stratuksittasi instructive — — comitative — stratuksinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative stratuksemme stratuksemme accusative nom. stratuksemme stratuksemme gen. stratuksemme genitive stratuksemme stratustemme stratuksiemme partitive stratustamme stratuksiamme inessive stratuksessamme stratuksissamme elative stratuksestamme stratuksistamme illative stratukseemme stratuksiimme adessive stratuksellamme stratuksillamme ablative stratukseltamme stratuksiltamme allative stratuksellemme stratuksillemme essive stratuksenamme stratuksinamme translative stratukseksemme stratuksiksemme abessive stratuksettamme stratuksittamme instructive — — comitative — stratuksinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative stratuksenne stratuksenne accusative nom. stratuksenne stratuksenne gen. stratuksenne genitive stratuksenne stratustenne stratuksienne partitive stratustanne stratuksianne inessive stratuksessanne stratuksissanne elative stratuksestanne stratuksistanne illative stratukseenne stratuksiinne adessive stratuksellanne stratuksillanne ablative stratukseltanne stratuksiltanne allative stratuksellenne stratuksillenne essive stratuksenanne stratuksinanne translative stratukseksenne stratuksiksenne abessive stratuksettanne stratuksittanne instructive — — comitative — stratuksinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative stratuksensa stratuksensa accusative nom. stratuksensa stratuksensa gen. stratuksensa genitive stratuksensa stratustensa stratuksiensa partitive stratustaan stratustansa stratuksiaan stratuksiansa inessive stratuksessaan stratuksessansa stratuksissaan stratuksissansa elative stratuksestaan stratuksestansa stratuksistaan stratuksistansa illative stratukseensa stratuksiinsa adessive stratuksellaan stratuksellansa stratuksillaan stratuksillansa ablative stratukseltaan stratukseltansa stratuksiltaan stratuksiltansa allative stratukselleen stratuksellensa stratuksilleen stratuksillensa essive stratuksenaan stratuksenansa stratuksinaan stratuksinansa translative stratuksekseen stratukseksensa stratuksikseen stratuksiksensa abessive stratuksettaan stratuksettansa stratuksittaan stratuksittansa instructive — — comitative — stratuksineen stratuksinensa

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈstraː.tʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈstraː.tus]

Etymology 1

Perfect passive participle of sternō (“spread out”). Diachronically, from Proto-Italic *strātos, from Proto-Indo-European *str̥h₃tós. Cognate with Proto-Celtic *stratos (“valley”), earlier *“spread-out land”, Ancient Greek στρωτός (strōtós, “bestrewn, spread, laid out; smooth”), στρατός (stratós, “army, war band”), and Sanskrit स्तृत (stṛtá, “bestrewn, spread (out); extended, spacious; covered; overthrown”).

Participle

strātus (feminine strāta, neuter strātum); first/second-declension participle

1. spread, stretched out, spread out, having been spread out
2. (rare) calmed, stilled, moderated, having been calmed
3. covered, spread with, scattered with, bestrewn with, having been covered (with)
   1. (of a road, path) paved, covered, having been paved
4. stretched on the ground, cast down, struck down, prostrated, having been struck down
   1. (by extension) knocked to the ground, demolished, razed, levelled, flattened, having been razed

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

	singular				plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	strātus	strāta	strātum		strātī	strātae	strāta
genitive	strātī	strātae	strātī		strātōrum	strātārum	strātōrum
dative	strātō	strātae	strātō		strātīs
accusative	strātum	strātam	strātum		strātōs	strātās	strāta
ablative	strātō	strātā	strātō		strātīs
vocative	strāte	strāta	strātum		strātī	strātae	strāta

Etymology 2

From sternō +‎ -tus (forming action nouns).

Noun

strātus m (genitive strātūs); fourth declension

1. (abstract) the act of spreading, strewing
2. (concrete) a bed-covering, coverlet, quilt, blanket

   Synonyms: strātum; strāgulum

Declension

Fourth-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	strātus	strātūs
genitive	strātūs	strātuum
dative	strātuī	strātibus
accusative	strātum	strātūs
ablative	strātū	strātibus
vocative	strātus	strātūs

Descendants

• Balkano-Romance:
  • Romanian: strat
• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: strato
  • Sicilian: stratu

Borrowings:

• → Catalan: estrat
• → English: stratus
• → Finnish: stratus
• → Portuguese: estrato
• → Spanish: estrato

Noun

strātus

1. vocative singular of strātus

Noun

strātūs

1. inflection of strātus:
   1. nominative/accusative/vocative plural
   2. genitive singular

Further reading

• “strātus, -a, -um”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “strātus, -ī”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “strātus, -ūs”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “stratus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "stratus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “stratus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • (ambiguous) a street, a made road: via strata
    
  • (ambiguous) all have perished by the sword: omnia strata sunt ferro
    
• “stratus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “stratus”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French stratus, from Latin stratus.

Noun

stratus m (uncountable)

1. stratus

Declension

singular only	indefinite	definite
nominative-accusative	stratus	stratusul
genitive-dative	stratus	stratusului
vocative	stratusule