Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/edinъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Early Proto-Slavic *edī́˙nu, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *edīˀnas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁edʰ-(H)iHnos, with *h₁edʰ- element. Ultimately from *h₁óy(H)nos. Cognate with Latvian viêns, Lithuanian víenas and Old Prussian ains. The vowel of the second syllable behaves similarly to a tense jer: in a strong position it manifests as */i/ (sometimes */e/), in a weak position it is dropped.

The West Slavic forms show a depalatalized d.

Numeral

Proto-Slavic numbers ^(edit)

		10
		1	2  →	10  →
Cardinal: *edinъ     Ordinal: *pьrvъ     Adverbial: *edino šьdy, *edьnojьťi     Multiplier: *edinakъ     Collective: *edьnojь

*edìnъ

1. one

Declension

Declension of *edinъ (hard pronominal)

Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	*edinъ	*edina	*edino
Accusative	*edinъ	*edinǫ	*edino
Genitive	*edinogo	*edinoję̇	*edinogo
Locative	*edinomь	*edinoji	*edinomь
Dative	*edinomu	*edinoji	*edinomu
Instrumental	*ediněmь	*edinojǫ	*ediněmь
Dual	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	*edina	*edině	*edině
Accusative	*edina	*edině	*edině
Genitive	*edinoju	*edinoju	*edinoju
Locative	*edinoju	*edinoju	*edinoju
Dative	*ediněma	*ediněma	*ediněma
Instrumental	*ediněma	*ediněma	*ediněma
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	*edini	*ediny	*edina
Accusative	*ediny	*ediny	*edina
Genitive	*ediněxъ	*ediněxъ	*ediněxъ
Locative	*ediněxъ	*ediněxъ	*ediněxъ
Dative	*ediněmъ	*ediněmъ	*ediněmъ
Instrumental	*ediněmi	*ediněmi	*ediněmi

Alternative forms

• *edьnъ
• *odinъ

Derived terms

• *edinakъ / *edьnakъ / *edinokъ (“similar, identical”)
• *edinica / *edьnica
• *edinošьdy / *edьnašьdy
• *edinota / *edьnota
• *edinъ na desęte / *edьnъ na desęte
• *edinьcь
• *edьnojьťi
• *edьnonogъ
• *edьnookъ
• *edьnorogъ
• *edьnorǫkъ
• *edьnostajьnъ
• *edьnostavьnъ
• *edьnostь

Related terms

• *jьnъ (“other”)
• *(j)edъva (“hardly, only just”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: одинъ (odinŭ), единъ (edinŭ) (see there for further descendants)
    • Middle Russian: оди́нъ (odín)
      • Russian: оди́н (odín)
    • Old Ruthenian: оди́нъ (odín), ади́нъ (adín); оды́нъ (odýn)
      • Belarusian: адзі́н (adzín)
      • Ukrainian: оди́н (odýn); оде́н (odén), йоде́н (jodén) (dialectal)
  • Old Novgorodian: ѥдинъ (jedinŭ)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: единъ (edinŭ), ѥдьнъ (jedĭnŭ)

    Glagolitic: ⰵⰴⰺⱀⱏ (edinŭ), ⰵⰴⱐⱀⱏ (edĭnŭ)

  • Bulgarian: еди́н (edín), едъ́н (edǎ́n) (Torlakian dialects) (with ъ < OCS ь)
  • Macedonian: е́ден (éden)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: јѐдан

    Latin script: jèdan

  • Slovene: édən, ȅn (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: jeden
    • Czech: jeden
  • Old Polish: jeden, jaden
    • Masurian: jedén, jénén
    • Polish: jeden
    • Silesian: jedyn
  • Slovak: jeden
  • Polabian: jadån
  • Pomeranian:
    • Kashubian: jeden
    • Slovincian: jëden
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: jedyn
    • Lower Sorbian: jaden

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “один”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “один”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 593
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1979), “*edinъ / *edьnъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 6 (*e – *golva), Moscow: Nauka, page 11