Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dernъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

*dẽrnъ

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *dʰergʰnós (“sloetree, blackbush”). Cognate with Proto-Celtic *dragenā (“blackthorn”) (whence Irish draighean, Welsh draen) and Ancient Greek τέρχνος (térkhnos, “twig, young shoot”).

Noun

*dẽrnъ m

1. (originally) thorn bush, blackthorn, thorns
2. cornel (any tree or shrub of genus European cornel)

Declension

Declension of *dẽrnъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*dẽrnъ	*dērnà	*dērnì
genitive	*dērnà	*dērnù	*dẽrnъ
dative	*dērnù	*dērnòma	*dērnòmъ
accusative	*dẽrnъ	*dērnà	*dērnỳ
instrumental	*dērnъ̀mь, *dērnòmь*	*dērnòma	*dẽrny
locative	*dērně̀	*dērnù	*dẽrněxъ
vocative	*derne	*dērnà	*dērnì

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: дрѣнъ (drěnŭ)
    • Old Ruthenian:
      • Ukrainian: дере́н (derén)
      • → Old Polish: deren
        • Polish: dereń
    • Russian: дёрен (djóren), дерён (derjón) — obsolete, dialectal
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: дрян (drjan), (dialectal) дрен (dren)
  • Macedonian: дрен (dren)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: дрије̑н, дре̏н

    Latin script: drijȇn, drȅn

  • Slovene: drȅn (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Kashubian: drzòn, dréżòn
  • Old Czech: dřien
    • Czech: dřín
  • Old Polish: drzon
    • Polish: drzón
  • Polabian: dren
  • Slovak: drieň
  • Slovincian: drzón
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: drěn
    • Lower Sorbian: dŕon

• Non-Slavic:
  • → Old High German: tyrn, tirnpaumâ, tirnboumâ, dirnbaum, tirnboum, dirnboum
    • Alemannic German: Tierlibaum
    • Bavarian German: Dirndl n or f, Dirndlstrauch m, Dirndlbaum m, Dirnleinbaum m, Dirnlein n, Dirle f, Dirliz f (only the first two seem recent)

Further reading

• Matasović, Ranko (2009) “dragenā”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 104
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “дерён”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “дерен”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• Machek, Václav (1968) “dřín”, in Etymologický slovník jazyka českého [Etymological Dictionary of the Czech Language], 2nd edition, Prague: Academia, page 131
• Rejzek, Jiří (2001) “dřín”, in Český etymologický slovník [Czech Etymological Dictionary] (in Czech), 1st edition, Voznice: LEDA, →ISBN, page 148
• Králik, Ľubor (2016) “drieň”, in Stručný etymologický slovník slovenčiny [Concise Etymological Dictionary of Slovak] (in Slovak), Bratislava: VEDA; JÚĽŠ SAV, →ISBN, page 134
• Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “dereń”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), volume 265
• Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965) “dereń”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego, page 143
• Snoj, Marko (2016) “dren”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si
• Lehr-Spławiński, T., Polański, K. (1962) “dren”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka Drzewian połabskich [Etymological Dictionary of the Polabian Drevani Language] (in Polish), number 1 (A – ďüzd), Wrocław, Warszawa etc.: Ossolineum, page 125
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “дрян¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 440
• Schuster-Šewc, Heinz (1978) “drěn”, in Historisch-etymologisches Wörterbuch der ober- und niedersorbischen Sprache [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Upper and Lower Sorbian Language] (in German), numbers 3 (čurać – ewangelski), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, →ISBN, page 168