Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/golsъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *galsás, from Proto-Indo-European *golH-so-s. Morphologically from *gelH- (“to call”) + *-sъ.

Cognate with Lithuanian gãlsas (“echo”) and further akin to Latin gallus (“cock”), probably Proto-Germanic *kalzōną (“to call”), Proto-Brythonic *gėlwɨd (“to call”). For the suffix, compare Proto-Slavic *xolsъ (“trance”), *časъ (“hour”) and Lithuanian bal̃sas (“voice”), gar̃sas (“noise”).

Noun

*gȏlsъ m

1. voice

Declension

Declension of *gȏlsъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*gȏlsъ	*gȏlsa	*gȏlsi
genitive	*gȏlsa	*golsù	*gõlsъ
dative	*gȏlsu	*golsomà	*golsòmъ
accusative	*gȏlsъ	*gȏlsa	*gȏlsy
instrumental	*gȏlsъmь, *gȏlsomь*	*golsomà	*golsý
locative	*gȏlsě	*golsù	*golsě̃xъ
vocative	*golse	*gȏlsa	*gȏlsi

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

• *golsiti (“to voice”)
• *golsьnъ (“vocalic”)
• *golsovati (“to vote”)
  • *golsovanьje (“voting”)
• *golsovъ (“vocal”)
  • *golsovitъ (“vociferous”)
• *golšati (“to evoke, to summon with a call”)
  • *golšatajь (“herald, announcer”)

Related terms

• *golgolъ (“word”)
  • *golgoliti (“to verbalize”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: голосъ (golosŭ)
    • Belarusian: го́лас (hólas)
    • Russian: го́лос (gólos)
    • Carpathian Rusyn: голос (holos)
    • Ukrainian: го́лос (hólos)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: гласъ (glasŭ)

    Glagolitic: ⰳⰾⰰⱄⱏ (glasŭ)

    • → Old East Slavic: гласъ (glasŭ)
      • Russian: глас (glas) (archaic, poetic)
  • Bulgarian: глас (glas)
  • Macedonian: глас (glas)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: гла̑с

    Latin script: glȃs

  • Slovene: glȃs (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: hlas, hłas (alternative writing)
    • Czech: hlas
  • Old Polish: głos
    • Polish: głos
    • Silesian: głos
  • Old Slovak: hlas
    • Pannonian Rusyn: глас (hlas)
    • Slovak: hlas
  • Pomeranian:
    • Kashubian: głos
    • Slovincian: glôs
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: hłós
    • Lower Sorbian: głos

Non-Slavic:

• → Romanian: glas

Further reading

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1979), “*golsъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 6 (*e – *golva), Moscow: Nauka, page 219
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “го́лос”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Martynaŭ, V. U., editor (1985), “го́лас”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), volumes 3 (га! – інчэ́), Minsk: Navuka i technika
• Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982), “го́лос”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 1 (А – Г), Kyiv: Naukova dumka
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “глас”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 247