Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tьrnъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tirnas, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥nós, although AP b is unexpected.

Noun

*tь̃rnъ m

1. thorn
2. blackthorn, sloe-tree (Prunus spinosa)

Inflection

Declension of *tь̃rnъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*tь̃rnъ	*tьrnà	*tьrnì
genitive	*tьrnà	*tьrnù	*tь̃rnъ
dative	*tьrnù	*tьrnòma	*tьrnòmъ
accusative	*tь̃rnъ	*tьrnà	*tьrnỳ
instrumental	*tьrnъ̀mь, *tьrnòmь*	*tьrnòma	*tь̃rny
locative	*tьrně̀	*tьrnù	*tь̃rněxъ
vocative	*tьrne	*tьrnà	*tьrnì

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

• *tьrnьje (collective)
• *tьrnakъ (“thorny thicket”)
• *tьrnina (“sloe”)

Related terms

• *tьrti, *terti (“to rub”)
• *tryti (“to scrub”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: тьрнъ (tĭrnŭ)
    • Belarusian: цёрн (cjorn)
    • Russian: тёрн (tjorn), тёрен (tjóren)
    • Ukrainian: те́рен (téren)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: трьнъ (trĭnŭ), трънъ (trŭnŭ)
  • Bulgarian: трън (trǎn)
  • Macedonian: трн (trn)
  • Serbo-Croatian: тр̑н, tȓn, tȑń, tr̃n
  • Slovene: tŕn (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: trn
    • Czech: trn
  • Kashubian: cérzniô
  • Polabian: dren
  • Old Polish: tarn, cirń
    • Polish: tarń, cierń
  • Slovak: tŕň
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: ćerń
    • Lower Sorbian: śerń

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “терн”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “тёрн”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 238
• Šanskij, N. M. (2004) “тёрн”, in Školʹnyj etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [School Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Drofa