Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tylъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Formed as *tyti (“to fatten”) +‎ *-lъ, from Proto-Indo-European *tewh₂- (“to swell, to be strong”). Akin to Lithuanian tū́las (“several”), Old Prussian tūlan (“much”) and possibly Sanskrit तूल (tūla, “tuft of grass or reeds”), Ancient Greek τῡ́λη (tū́lē, “hump, bulge”).

Noun

*tỳlъ m

1. back of the neck, nape

Alternative forms

• *tylo n

Inflection

Declension of *tylъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm a)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*tylъ	*tỳla	*tỳli
genitive	*tỳla	*tỳlu	*tỳlъ
dative	*tỳlu	*tỳloma	*tỳlomъ
accusative	*tylъ	*tỳla	*tỳly
instrumental	*tỳlъmь, *tỳlomь*	*tỳloma	*tỳlȳ
locative	*tỳlě	*tỳlu	*tỳlě̄xъ
vocative	*tỳle	*tỳla	*tỳli

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

• *tylьnъ
• *tylovъ

Related terms

• *toviti (“to get fat”)
• *tysǫti (“thousand”)
• *tukъ (“fat”)
  • *tučьnъ (“fat, lush”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: тылъ (tylŭ)
    • Russian: тыл (tyl)
    • Ukrainian: тил (tyl)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: тылъ (tylŭ)

    Glagolitic script: ⱅⱏⰹⰾⱏ (tylŭ)

  • Bulgarian: ти́л (tíl)
  • Macedonian: тил (til)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    ⇒ Cyrillic script: за̀тиљак, по̀тиљак

    ⇒ Latin script: zàtiljak, pòtiljak

  • Slovene: tȋl (obsolete)
    • ⇒ Slovene: tȋlnik (“cervix”)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: týl
    • Czech: týl
  • Old Polish: tył
    • Polish: tył
  • Pomeranian:
    • Kashubian: tił
  • Slovak: tylo n
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: tył, tyło n
    • Upper Sorbian: tył

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “тыл”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Snoj, Marko (2016) “tȋlnik”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si