Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/voda

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wandō, from Proto-Indo-European *wédōr, collective of PIE r/n-stem heteroclitic *wódr̥.

Noun

*vodà f

1. water

Inflection

Declension of *vodà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm c)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*vodà	*vȍdě	*vȍdy
genitive	*vodý	*vodù	*vòdъ
dative	*vodě̀	*vodàma	*vodàmъ
accusative	*vȍdǫ	*vȍdě	*vȍdy
instrumental	*vodojǫ́	*vodàma	*vodàmi
locative	*vȍdě	*vodù	*vodàsъ, *vodàxъ*
vocative	*vodo	*vȍdě	*vȍdy

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.

Related terms

• *vydra (“otter”)
• *vodъka (“vodka”)
• *vodьnъ (“watery”)
• *vodenъ (“watery place”)
  • *vodenica (“watermill”)

Derived terms

• *vodica (diminutive)
• *vodьnikъ (“water spirit, washbasin”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: вода (voda)
    • Old Ruthenian: вода́ (vodá)
      • Belarusian: вада́ (vadá)
      • Carpathian Rusyn: вода́ (vodá)
      • Ukrainian: вода́ (vodá)
    • Russian: вода́ (vodá)
  • Old Novgorodian: вода (voda)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: вода (voda)

    Glagolitic script: ⰲⱁⰴⰰ (voda)

    • Bulgarian: вода́ (vodá)
    • Macedonian: во́да (vóda)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: во̀да

    Latin script: vòda

  • Slovene: vóda (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: voda
    • Czech: voda
  • Old Polish: woda
    • Masurian: woda
    • Polish: woda
    • Silesian: woda
  • Old Slovak: voda
    • Pannonian Rusyn: вода (voda)
    • Slovak: voda
  • Polabian: vådă
  • Pomeranian:
    • Kashubian: wòda
    • Slovincian: wôda
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: wóda
    • Upper Sorbian: woda

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “вода”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “вода”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 168