Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ček-

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Verb

*ček-

1. (transitive) to line through
2. (transitive) to draw blood
3. (transitive) to tighten
4. (transitive) to suffer (a bad feeling)
5. (transitive) to smoke

   Synonym: *tart-

6. (transitive) to weigh

   Synonym: *tart-

7. (Arghu Turkic, Oghuz Turkic, transitive) to pull toward oneself

   Synonyms: *tart-, *südre-

Conjugation

Conjugation of *ček- (Common Turkic)

Note: Actual conjugations can be more complex than tables below. Compound forms with the auxiliary *er- not shown.

Positive
infinitive			*čekmek
participle	present		*čekgen, čekigme, čeker
	past		*čekdük, čekmiš
	future		*čekdeči, čekmekči, čeksik, čekeček
verbal noun			*čekme, čekig, čekgü
way of doing			*čekiš
			singular			plural
			1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
			*ben	*sen	*ol	*biz	*siz	*olar
indicative	aorist		*čeker ben	*čeker sen	*čeker	*čeker biz	*čeker siz	*čeker
	past	simple	*čekdim	*čekdiŋ	*čekdi	*čekdik, čekdimiz	*čekdiŋiz	*čekdi
		inferential	*čekmiš ben	*čekmiš sen	*čekmiš	*čekmiš biz	*čekmiš siz	*čekmiš
	future	simple	*čekdeči ben, čekmekči ben, čekeček ben	*čekdeči sen, čekmekči sen, čekeček sen	*čekdeči, čekmekči, čekeček	*čekdeči biz, čekmekči biz, čekeček biz	*čekdeči siz, čekmekči siz, čekeček siz	*čekdeči, čekmekči, čekeček
		predictive	*čekgey ben	*čekgey sen	*čekgey	*čekgey biz	*čekgey siz	*čekgey
		necessitive	*čeksikim	*čeksikiŋ	*čeksik	*čeksikimiz	*čeksikiŋiz	*čeksik
conditional			*čeksem, čekser ben	*čekseŋ, čekser sen	*čekse, čekser	*čeksek, čeksemiz, čekser biz	*čekseŋiz, čekser siz	*čekseler, čekser
optative			*čekgey ben	*čekgey sen	*čekgey	*čekgey biz	*čekgey siz	*čekgey
progressive			*čekmekde ben	*čekmekde sen	*čekmekde	*čekmekde biz	*čekmekde siz	*čekmekde
necessitative			*čekmelig ben	*čekmelig sen	*čekmelig	*čekmelig biz	*čekmelig siz	*čekmelig
imperative			*čekeyin	*ček, čekgil	*čekzün	*čekelim	*čekiŋ	*čekzün
Negative
infinitive			*čekmemek
participle	present		*čekmegen, čekmegme, čekmez
	past		*čekmedük, čekmemiš
	future		*čekmeči, čekmesik, čekmeyeček
verbal noun			*čekmeme, čekmeg, čekmegü
way of doing			*čekmeyiš
			singular			plural
			1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
			*ben	*sen	*ol	*biz	*siz	*olar
indicative	aorist		*čekmez ben	*čekmez sen	*čekmez	*čekmez biz	*čekmez siz	*čekmez
	past	simple	*čekmedim	*čekmediŋ	*čekmedi	*čekmedik, čekmedimiz	*čekmediŋiz	*čekmedi
		inferential	*čekmemiš ben	*čekmemiš sen	*čekmemiš	*čekmemiš biz	*čekmemiš siz	*čekmemiš
	future	simple	*čekmeči ben, čekmeyeček ben	*čekmeči sen, čekmeyeček sen	*čekmeči, čekmeyeček	*čekmeči biz, čekmeyeček biz	*čekmeči siz, čekmeyeček siz	*čekmeči, čekmeyeček
		predictive	*čekmegey ben	*čekmegey sen	*čekmegey	*čekmegey biz	*čekmegey siz	*čekmegey
		necessitive	*čekmesikim	*čekmesikiŋ	*čekmesik	*čekmesikimiz	*čekmesikiŋiz	*čekmesik
conditional			*čekmesem, čekmeser ben	*čekmeseŋ, čekmeser sen	*čekmese, čekmeser	*čekmesek, čekmesemiz, čekmeser biz	*čekmeseŋiz, čekmeser siz	*čekmeseler, čekmeser
optative			*čekmegey ben	*čekmegey sen	*čekmegey	*čekmegey biz	*čekmegey siz	*čekmegey
progressive			*čekmemekde ben	*čekmemekde sen	*čekmemekde	*čekmemekde biz	*čekmemekde siz	*čekmemekde
necessitative			*čekmemelig ben	*čekmemelig sen	*čekmemelig	*čekmemelig biz	*čekmemelig siz	*čekmemelig
imperative			*čekmeyeyin	*čekme, čekmegil	*čekmezün	*čekmeyelim	*čekmeyiŋ	*čekmezün

Descendants

• Oghur:
  • Chuvash: ҫак (śak, “to hang”)
• Common Turkic:

• Arghu:
  • Khalaj: çəkmək
• Oghuz:
  • Old Anatolian Turkish:
    • Ajem Turkic:
      • Azerbaijani: çəkmək
      • Qashqai: چكمك
    • Ottoman Turkish: چكمك (çekmek)
      • Gagauz: çekmää
      • Turkish: çekmek
      • →? Crimean Tatar: çekmek
  • Salar: çikgüsi
  • Turkmen: çekmek
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: جَكْماكْ (“çekmēk”)
    • Uyghur: چەكمەك (chekmek)
    • Uzbek: chekmoq
• Kipchak:
  • South Kipchak:
    • Caspian:
      • Kazakh: шегу (şegu)
    • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
      • Kyrgyz: чегүү (cegüü)

References

• Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 413
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “çekmek”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 102