Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kerban

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *kerbaną.

Verb

*kerban

1. to carve, to cut

Inflection

Strong class 3
Infinitive	*kerban
1st sg. past	*karb
3rd pl. past	*kurbun
Past ptcple	*korban
Infinitive	*kerban
Genitive infin.	*kerbannjas
Dative infin.	*kerbannjē
Instrum. infin.	*kerbannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*kerbu	*karb
2nd singular	*kirbiʀi	*kurbī
3rd singular	*kirbidi	*karb
1st plural	*kerbum	*kurbum
2nd plural	*kirbid	*kurbud
3rd plural	*kerband	*kurbun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*kerbē	*kurbī
2nd singular	*kerbēs	*kurbī
3rd singular	*kerbē	*kurbī
1st plural	*kerbēm	*kurbīm
2nd plural	*kerbēþ	*kurbīd
3rd plural	*kerbēn	*kurbīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*kirb
Plural	*kirbid
	Present	Past
Participle	*kerbandī	*korban

Descendants

• Old English: ċeorfan
  • Middle English: cherven
  • Middle English: kerven, carve, carven, cerven, karven, kerve, kirven, kyrvyn, ceorfan, ceorfæn, keorven (Early Middle English)
    • English: carve
    • Scots: cairve, kerve, kerf, carf
• Old Frisian: kerva
  • North Frisian: karve
  • Saterland Frisian: käärwje
  • West Frisian: kerve
• Old Saxon: kervan
  • Middle Low German: kerven, karven
    • Low German: karven
    • → Danish: karve
    • → Swedish: karva
    • → Norwegian: karve
• Old Dutch: *kervan
  • Middle Dutch: kerven
    • Dutch: kerven
• Old High German: kerban
  • Middle High German: kërben
    • Alemannic German: chërbe, kërbe
    • German: kerben
    • East Franconian: kerwe
    • Vilamovian: karwa
    • Yiddish: קאַרבן (karbn)
    • → Polish: karbować