adais
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Old Irish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Uncertain. Contains ad-, which disappears in the prototonic forms similarly to ad·ágathar (“to fear”).
Verb
[edit]ad·ais (prototonic ·ais)
- to fear
- Synonym: ad·ágathar
- c. 760 Blathmac mac Con Brettan, published in "A study of the lexicon of the poems of Blathmac Son of Cú Brettan" (2017; PhD thesis, National University of Ireland Maynooth), edited and with translations by Siobhán Barrett, stanza 267
- Scarfaid – mairg nád·ais a thnú – caírcha gela fri mindu.
- He will separate – woe the one who does not fear his wrath – bright sheep from goats.
- to hate (especially when contrasted with caraid (“to love”))
- Antonym: caraid
- c. 700–800 Táin Bó Cúailnge, published in Táin Bó Cúailnge. Recension I (1976, Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Cecile O'Rahilly, TBC-I page 46
- "Cia t'ainm-siu?" olsé. "Nachit aiss, nachit chara — Bude mac Báin," olsé.
- "What's your name?" [Cú Chulainn] said. "One who hates you not, who loves you not, Buide mac Báin," he said.
Inflection
[edit]Complex, class B II present
1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. | Passive pl. | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Present indicative | Deut. | ad·ais | ad·aiset | ||||||
Prot. | ·ais | ||||||||
Imperfect indicative | Deut. | ||||||||
Prot. | |||||||||
Preterite | Deut. | ||||||||
Prot. | |||||||||
Perfect | Deut. | ||||||||
Prot. | |||||||||
Future | Deut. | ||||||||
Prot. | |||||||||
Conditional | Deut. | ||||||||
Prot. | |||||||||
Present subjunctive | Deut. | ||||||||
Prot. | |||||||||
Past subjunctive | Deut. | ||||||||
Prot. | |||||||||
Imperative | |||||||||
Verbal noun | |||||||||
Past participle | |||||||||
Verbal of necessity |
Mutation
[edit]Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
ad·ais (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments) |
unchanged | ad·n-ais |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading
[edit]- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “adais”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language