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See also: Appendix:Variations of "ad"
English[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from Latin ad-. Doublet of at-.
Prefix[edit]
ad-
- (no longer productive) near, at.
- (no longer productive) toward, to, tendency, or addition.
Derived terms[edit]
Translations[edit]
References[edit]
- “ad-”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 4th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin, 2000, →ISBN.
- “ad-”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
Anagrams[edit]
Catalan[edit]
Prefix[edit]
ad-
Ido[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Prefix form of ad. Also based on Latin ad-.
Prefix[edit]
ad-
- to (indicating that to which there is movement, tendency or position, with or without arrival)
Derived terms[edit]
Latin[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
For euphony, ad- can assimilate the attached stem's initial consonant, becoming: a- (before sc, sp and st), ac- (before c and q), af- (before f), ag-, al-, ap-, ar-, as-, or at-.
Etymology[edit]
From the Latin preposition ad (“to, towards”), in turn from Proto-Italic *ad, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd (“near, at”).
Prefix[edit]
ad-
- to
- usually prefixed to verbs, in which cases it often has the effect of intensifying the verbal action
See also[edit]
Lushootseed[edit]
Prefix[edit]
ad-
Maquiritari[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Prefix[edit]
ad-
- (De'kwana dialect) Allomorph of ö- (second-person prefix) used for stems that begin with a vowel a or e.
Inflection[edit]
Maquiritari personal markers
pronoun | noun possessor/ series II verb argument |
postposition object | series I verb argument | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
transitive patient | intransitive patient-like | intransitive agent-like | transitive agent | |||||||
first person | ewü | y-, ∅-, ü-, u-1 | w-, wi- | |||||||
first person dual inclusive | küwü | k-, kü-, ku-, ki- | k-, kii-, ki-1 | |||||||
second person | amödö | ö-, öy-/öd-, o-, oy-/od-, a-, ay-/ad- | m-, mi- | |||||||
first person dual exclusive | nña | y-/d-, ch-, ∅-, i-1 | chö- | ∅- | n-, ni- | |||||
third person | tüwü | n-, ni- | ||||||||
distant past third person | — | kün-, kun-, kin-, ken-, küm-, kum-, kim-, kini- | ||||||||
coreferential/reflexive | — | t-, tü-, tu-, ti-, te- | — | |||||||
reciprocal | — | — | öö- | |||||||
|
series I verb argument: transitive agent and transitive patient | |
---|---|
first person > second person | mön-, man-, mon-, möm-, möni- |
first person dual exclusive > second person | |
second person > first person | k-, kü-, ku-, ki- |
second person > first person dual exclusive | |
third person > any person X …or… any person X > third person | see person X in the chart above |
Old Irish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Celtic *ad-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd (“near, at”). Cognates include Latin ad and English at.
Prefix[edit]
ad-
- to, towards
- in many compounds, it has a purely intensive sense
- augment infix used instead of ro- on verbs whose first prefix is com- and the stressed syllable starts with a consonant
- con·birt (“you conceived”) + ad- → con·abairt (“you have conceived”) (forms of con·beir)
- con·melt (“(s)he rubbed”) + ad- → con·amailt (“(s)he had rubbed”) (forms of con·meil)
- ·coscrad (“not destroyed”) + ad- → ·comscarad (“had not destroyed”) (past subjunctive prototonic forms of con·scara)
- con·gab (“it contained”) + ad- → con·acab (“it had contained”) (forms of con·gaib)
- *·cotla + ad- → ·comthala (subjunctive forms of con·tuili (“to sleep”))
Usage notes[edit]
- ad-, when used as an augment affix, vanishes in prototonic forms due to syncope. However, its presence may be detected via the different syncope patterns between forms augmented with ad- and those that were not.
- In deuterotonic verbs where ad- is the first prefix and the next sound is /t/, the d in the prefix may be dropped in its spelling.
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
- Irish: a- (no longer productive)
Mutation[edit]
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
ad- | unchanged | n-ad- |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References[edit]
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “ad-”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Portuguese[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Prefix[edit]
ad-
- ad- (near; at)
Welsh[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Brythonic *ate-, from Proto-Celtic *ati-.[1] from Proto-Indo-European *éti.[2] Cognate with Cornish as-, English ed-, Latin et (“and”), Sanskrit अति (ati, “over-”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Prefix[edit]
ad-
Derived terms[edit]
Mutation[edit]
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | h-prothesis |
ad- | unchanged | unchanged | |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References[edit]
- ^ Morris Jones, John (1913) A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative, Oxford: Clarendon Press, § 156 i (1)
- ^ Morris Jones, John (1913) A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative, Oxford: Clarendon Press, § 222 i (3)
Categories:
- English terms borrowed from Latin
- English terms derived from Latin
- English doublets
- English lemmas
- English prefixes
- English unproductive prefixes
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan prefixes
- Ido terms borrowed from Latin
- Ido terms derived from Latin
- Ido lemmas
- Ido prefixes
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin lemmas
- Latin prefixes
- Lushootseed lemmas
- Lushootseed prefixes
- Maquiritari terms with IPA pronunciation
- Maquiritari lemmas
- Maquiritari prefixes
- De'kwana Maquiritari
- Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Irish lemmas
- Old Irish prefixes
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese prefixes
- Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic
- Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic
- Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation
- Welsh lemmas
- Welsh prefixes