balaclava

See also: Balaclava

English

A man wearing a balaclava

Alternative forms

• Also called balaclava helmet.

Etymology

From the city of Balaklava in Crimea, from Ottoman Turkish بالقلاوه (modern Turkish balıklava), alteration of بالقلاغه (balıklaga, “fishing ground”). During the Crimean War the British troops suffered from cold due to improper clothing. When the news spread in the home front after the Battle of Balaclava in 1854, the people began knitting warm clothing for the soldiers, including woollen caps to be worn under the helmet, which were named balaclavas by the troops.

Pronunciation

• (UK, US) IPA^(key): /ˌbæl.əˈklɑː.və/, /ˌbɑː.ləˈklɑː.və/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑːvə

Noun

balaclava (plural balaclavas)

1. A type of warm headgear covering the neck, head, and often part of the face, with apertures left as necessary, often made out of wool.
2. (chiefly UK, Canada) A ski mask with holes for the eyes and, sometimes, the nose and mouth, which may be rolled up and worn like a toque or pulled over the face for greater protection.
   • 1969 January 10, “Robbed seven banks, Balaclava Bill given 15-year term in jail”, in Globe and Mail, Toronto, page 1:

     George Ronald Waite, 33, known as Balaclava Bill because of the dark blue woollen hood he wore while robbing seven banks of $46,200 over the past two years, was sentenced yesterday to 15 years in Kingston Penitentiary.

Translations

headgear

• Afrikaans: balaklawamus, bivakmus
• Arabic: نَسِيج صُوفِيّ m (nasīj ṣūfiyy), بَالَاكْلَافَا f (bālāklāfā)
• Armenian: բալակլավա (balaklava)
• Belarusian: балакла́ва f (balakláva)
• Bulgarian: балакла́ва f (balakláva)
• Catalan: passamuntanyes m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 巴拉克拉瓦 (zh) (bālākèlāwǎ), 頭套／头套 (zh) (tóutào)

• Czech: kukla (cs) f
• Danish: elefanthue
• Dutch: bivakmuts (nl)
• Esperanto: skimasko, bivakĉapo
• Faroese: brølapa f
• Finnish: huppupipo, kommandopipo (fi), kypäräpipo
• French: passe-montagne (fr) m, cagoule (fr) f
• Georgian: ბალაკლავა (ka) (balaḳlava)
• German: Sturmhaube (de) f, Sturmmaske (de) f, Skimaske f (all common); Biwakmütze f, Balaklava f (both less common)
• Greek: κουκούλα (el) f (koukoúla)
• Hebrew: בַּרְדָּס (he) m (bardás), בלקלאווה f (balakláva)
• Ido: kagulo (io)
• Interlingua: balaclava
• Irish: balacláva m
• Italian: passamontagna (it) m, balaclava f, balaklava f
• Japanese: 目出し帽 (めだしぼう, medashibō, めでぼう, medebō), バラクラバ (barakuraba), バラクラヴァ (barakurava)
• Korean: 발라클라바 (ballakeullaba)
• Macedonian: фантомка f (fantomka)
• Maori: pōtae uhi, pōtae pūāhuru
• Mongolian: please add this translation if you can
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: balaklava m, finlandshette m or f

  Nynorsk: balaklava m, finlandshette f

• Polish: kominiarka (pl) f
• Portuguese: balaclava (pt) f
• Romanian: cagulă (ro) f
• Russian: балакла́ва (ru) f (balakláva), вя́заный шлем m (vjázanyj šlem)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: фа̀нто̄мка f, балаклава f

  Roman: fàntōmka (sh) f, balaklava f

• Slovak: kukla f
• Slovene: podkapa f
• Spanish: pasamontañas (es) m, papahígo (es)
• Swedish: rånarluva (sv) c, balaklava (sv) c
• Thai: โม่ง (th) (môong), ไอ้โม่ง
• Ukrainian: балакла́ва f (balakláva)
• Welsh: balaclafa m

Italian

Alternative forms

• balaklava

Noun

balaclava f (plural balaclave)

1. balaclava

Portuguese

Noun

balaclava f (plural balaclavas)

1. balaclava (headgear)