barbiturate

English

Alternative forms

• barbituate (US, colloquial, nonstandard)

Etymology

Borrowed from German Barbiturat, equivalent to barbituric +‎ -ate.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˌbɑː(ɹ)ˈbɪt͡ʃəɹɪt/, /ˌbɑː(ɹ)ˈbɪt͡ʃəɹeɪt/, /ˌbɑɹbɪˈt(j)ʊəɹɪt/, /ˌbɑɹbɪˈt(j)ʊəɹeɪt/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• (US, colloquial, nonstandard) IPA^(key): /ˌbɑɹˈbɪt͡ʃu.ɪt/, /ˌbɑɹˈbɪt(j)u.ɪt/

• Audio (UK):

  (file)

• Hyphenation: bar‧bit‧ur‧ate

Noun

barbiturate (plural barbiturates)

1. (organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of barbituric acid.
2. (pharmacology) Any of derivatives of barbituric acid that act as depressants of the central nervous system and are used as sedatives or hypnotics.

   Synonyms: (clipping, informal) barb, (informal) barbie, (informal) goofball

   Hyponym: barbital

   Coordinate term: benzodiazepine

   • 1977, Donald R. Wesson, David Elvin Smith, Barbiturates, their use, misuse, and abuse, New York: Human Sciences Press, →ISBN, page 9:

     Following the “Summer of Love” in 1967, amphetamines and barbiturates began to replace psychedelics as the dominant drugs used in the Haight-Ashbury district of San Francisco, and increasing numbers of individuals were treated at the Haight-Ashbury Free Medical Clinic for complications following barbiturate use.

   • 1979, Harold M. Silverman, Gilbert I. Simon, “Chlorpromazine”, in The Pill Book […] , 1st edition, New York: Bantam Books, →ISBN, page 56:

     Chlorpromazine should be taken with caution in combination with barbiturates, sleeping pills, narcotics, or any other medication which may produce a depressive effect. Avoid alcohol.

   • 2001 October 14, Jason Burke, “Death of a princess”, in The Observer‎^[1], London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 10 May 2014:

     Seconal is the commercial name of the barbiturate quinalbarbitone. Its generic name is secobarbital. […] Dr Iqbal gave her another prescription for barbiturates and, three weeks later, wrote out one more after a telephone conversation.

Derived terms

• barbituratism
• cultural barbiturate
• deoxybarbiturate
• nonbarbiturate
• oxybarbiturate
• thiobarbiturate

Translations

salt or ester of barbituric acid

• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 巴比妥酸鹽 / 巴比妥酸盐 (bābǐtuǒsuān yán), 巴比妥酸酯 (bābǐtuǒsuān zhǐ)

• Dutch: barbituraat (nl) n
• Finnish: barbituraatti (fi)
• Greek: βαρβιτουρικό n (varvitourikó)
• Indonesian: barbiturat (id)
• Irish: barbatúráit f
• Polish: barbiturat (pl) m
• Russian: барбитура́т (ru) m (barbiturát)

derivative of barbituric acid that acts as a depressant of the central nervous system

• Arabic: باربتيورات m (barbtywrat)
• Armenian: բարբիտուրատ (hy) (barbiturat)
• Basque: barbituriko
• Bengali: বারবিচুরেট (barobicureṭ)
• Bulgarian: барбитурат m (barbiturat)
• Catalan: barbitúric m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 巴比妥類藥物 / 巴比妥类药物 (bābǐtuǒlèi yàowù)

• Czech: barbiturát m
• Danish: barbiturat
• Dutch: barbituraat (nl) n
• Esperanto: barbiturato
• Finnish: barbituraatti (fi)
• French: barbiturique (fr)
• Galician: barbitúrico (gl) m
• Georgian: ბარბიტურატ (barbiṭuraṭ)
• German: Barbiturat (de) n, Barbitursäurepräparat n
• Greek: βαρβιτουρικό n (varvitourikó)
• Hindi: बार्बीचुरेट्स (bārbīcureṭs)
• Hungarian: barbiturát (hu)
• Ido: barbiturato (io)
• Indonesian: barbiturat (id)
• Irish: barbatúráit f
• Italian: barbiturato m
• Japanese: バルビツレート (barubitsurēto)
• Korean: 바비튜레이트 (babityureiteu)
• Latvian: barbiturāti m
• Malay: barbiturat
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: barbiturat m

  Nynorsk: barbiturat m

• Polish: barbituran (pl) m
• Portuguese: barbitúrico m
• Romanian: barbituric (ro) n
• Russian: барбитура́т (ru) m (barbiturát)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: барбитурат m

  Latin: barbiturat m

• Slovak: barbiturát m
• Slovene: barbiturat m
• Spanish: barbitúrico (es) m
• Swedish: barbiturat n
• Tajik: барбитурат (barbiturat)
• Thai: บาร์บิเชอริต (baa bì cher-rít)
• Turkish: barbitürat
• Ukrainian: барбітура́т m (barbiturát)
• Uzbek: barbiturat
• Waray-Waray: barbituriko

See also

• amphetamine

Further reading

• barbiturate on Wikipedia.Wikipedia