brandir

Catalan

Etymology

From Old Occitan brandir, from Vulgar Latin *brandiō, from *brandus, from Frankish *brand.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [bɾənˈdi]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [bɾanˈdiɾ]

Verb

brandir (first-person singular present brandeixo, first-person singular preterite brandí, past participle brandit)

1. Synonym of brandar

Related terms

• brandar

Further reading

• “brandir” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “brandir”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “brandir” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “brandir” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

---

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bʁɑ̃.diʁ/

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

brandir

1. to brandish (a weapon)

Conjugation

This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.

Conjugation of brandir (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	brandir
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	brandissant /bʁɑ̃.di.sɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		brandi /bʁɑ̃.di/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	brandis /bʁɑ̃.di/	brandis /bʁɑ̃.di/	brandit /bʁɑ̃.di/	brandissons /bʁɑ̃.di.sɔ̃/	brandissez /bʁɑ̃.di.se/	brandissent /bʁɑ̃.dis/
	imperfect	brandissais /bʁɑ̃.di.sɛ/	brandissais /bʁɑ̃.di.sɛ/	brandissait /bʁɑ̃.di.sɛ/	brandissions /bʁɑ̃.di.sjɔ̃/	brandissiez /bʁɑ̃.di.sje/	brandissaient /bʁɑ̃.di.sɛ/
	past historic2	brandis /bʁɑ̃.di/	brandis /bʁɑ̃.di/	brandit /bʁɑ̃.di/	brandîmes /bʁɑ̃.dim/	brandîtes /bʁɑ̃.dit/	brandirent /bʁɑ̃.diʁ/
	future	brandirai /bʁɑ̃.di.ʁe/	brandiras /bʁɑ̃.di.ʁa/	brandira /bʁɑ̃.di.ʁa/	brandirons /bʁɑ̃.di.ʁɔ̃/	brandirez /bʁɑ̃.di.ʁe/	brandiront /bʁɑ̃.di.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	brandirais /bʁɑ̃.di.ʁɛ/	brandirais /bʁɑ̃.di.ʁɛ/	brandirait /bʁɑ̃.di.ʁɛ/	brandirions /bʁɑ̃.di.ʁjɔ̃/	brandiriez /bʁɑ̃.di.ʁje/	brandiraient /bʁɑ̃.di.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	brandisse /bʁɑ̃.dis/	brandisses /bʁɑ̃.dis/	brandisse /bʁɑ̃.dis/	brandissions /bʁɑ̃.di.sjɔ̃/	brandissiez /bʁɑ̃.di.sje/	brandissent /bʁɑ̃.dis/
	imperfect2	brandisse /bʁɑ̃.dis/	brandisses /bʁɑ̃.dis/	brandît /bʁɑ̃.di/	brandissions /bʁɑ̃.di.sjɔ̃/	brandissiez /bʁɑ̃.di.sje/	brandissent /bʁɑ̃.dis/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	brandis /bʁɑ̃.di/	—	brandissons /bʁɑ̃.di.sɔ̃/	brandissez /bʁɑ̃.di.se/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Further reading

• “brandir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Descendants

• → Spanish: blandir

---

Occitan

Etymology

From Old Occitan brandir, from Vulgar Latin *brandiō, from *brandus, from Frankish *brand.

Verb

brandir

1. to brandish (a weapon)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of brandir in Lengadocian (Central Occitan)

		simple			compound
infinitive		brandir			?er brandit
past participle		brandit			—
gerund		brandissent			?ent brandit
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	brandissi	brandisses	brandís	brandissèm	brandissètz	brandisson
	imperfect	brandissiái	brandissiás	brandissiá	brandissiam	brandissiatz	brandissián
	preterite	brandiguèri	brandiguères	brandiguèt	brandiguèrem	brandiguèretz	brandiguèron
	future	brandirai	brandiràs	brandirà	brandirem	brandiretz	brandiràn
	conditional	brandiriái	brandiriás	brandiriá	brandiriam	brandiriatz	brandirián
	conditional 2nd form1	brandiguèra	brandiguèras	brandiguèra	brandigueram	brandigueratz	brandiguèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of ?er plus the past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of ?er plus the past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of ?er plus the past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of ?er plus the past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of ?er plus the past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	brandisca	brandiscas	brandisca	brandiscam	brandiscatz	brandiscan
	imperfect	brandiguèsse	brandiguèsses	brandiguèsse	brandiguèssem	brandiguèssetz	brandiguèsson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of ?er plus the past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of ?er plus the past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			brandís		brandiscam	brandissetz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

---

Old French

Verb

brandir

1. to brandish (a weapon)

Descendants

• Middle French: brandir
  • French: brandir
• → Middle English: braundisen, braundishen
  • English: brandish

---

Portuguese

Verb

1. (transitive) to brandish (to move a weapon)