breinio
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Welsh
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From braint (“freedom, franchise, privilege”) + -io (verb-forming suffix).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]breinio (first-person singular present breiniaf)
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation (literary)
| singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| present indicative/future | breiniaf | breini | breinia | breiniwn | breiniwch | breiniant | breinir | |
| imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/conditional | breiniwn | breinit | breiniai | breiniem | breiniech | breinient | breinid | |
| preterite | breiniais | breiniaist | breiniodd | breiniasom | breiniasoch | breiniasant | breiniwyd | |
| pluperfect | breiniaswn | breiniasit | breiniasai | breiniasem | breiniasech | breiniasent | breiniasid, breiniesid | |
| present subjunctive | breiniwyf | breiniech | breinio | breiniom | breinioch | breiniont | breinier | |
| imperative | — | breinia | breinied | breiniwn | breiniwch | breinient | breinier | |
| verbal noun | breinio | |||||||
| verbal adjectives | breiniedig breiniadwy | |||||||
Conjugation (colloquial)
| Inflected colloquial forms | singular | plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |
| future | breinia i, breiniaf i | breini di | breinith o/e/hi, breiniff e/hi | breiniwn ni | breiniwch chi | breinian nhw |
| conditional | breiniwn i, breinswn i | breiniet ti, breinset ti | breiniai fo/fe/hi, breinsai fo/fe/hi | breinien ni, breinsen ni | breiniech chi, breinsech chi | breinien nhw, breinsen nhw |
| preterite | breiniais i, breinies i | breiniaist ti, breiniest ti | breiniodd o/e/hi | breinion ni | breinioch chi | breinion nhw |
| imperative | — | breinia | — | — | breiniwch | — |
| Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. | ||||||
Derived terms
[edit]- etholfreinio (“to enfranchise”)
- rhyddfreinio (“to emancipate”)
Mutation
[edit]| Welsh mutation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
| breinio | freinio | mreinio | unchanged |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |||
Further reading
[edit]- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “breinio”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies