bwrw
Welsh
Etymology
From Proto-Celtic *borg- (compare Old Irish ·díbairg (“throws”)).[1]
Pronunciation
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 290: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "cy-N" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /ˈbʊru/
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 290: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "cy-S" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /ˈbuːru/, /ˈbʊru/
Verb
bwrw (first-person singular present bwriaf)
- To hit
- To strike
- To cast
- To overthrow
- (weather) Used to state precipitation
- Mae hi'n bwrw glaw. ― It's raining (literally, "She's throwing rain").
Conjugation
Conjugation (literary)
| singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| present indicative/future | bwriaf | bwri | bwria | bwriwn | bwriwch | bwriant | bwrir | |
| imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/conditional | bwriwn | bwrit | bwriai | bwriem | bwriech | bwrient | bwrid | |
| preterite | bwriais | bwriaist | bwriodd | bwriasom | bwriasoch | bwriasant | bwriwyd | |
| pluperfect | bwriaswn | bwriasit | bwriasai | bwriasem | bwriasech | bwriasent | bwriasid, bwriesid | |
| present subjunctive | bwriwyf | bwriech | bwrio | bwriom | bwrioch | bwriont | bwrier | |
| imperative | — | bwra, bwria | bwried | bwriwn | bwriwch | bwrient | bwrier | |
| verbal noun | bwrw | |||||||
| verbal adjectives | bwriedig — | |||||||
Conjugation (colloquial)
| Inflected colloquial forms | singular | plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |
| future | bwria i, bwriaf i | bwri di | bwrith o/e/hi, bwriff e/hi | bwriwn ni | bwriwch chi | bwrian nhw |
| conditional | bwriwn i, bwriswn i | bwriet ti, bwriset ti | bwriai fo/fe/hi, bwrisai fo/fe/hi | bwrien ni, bwrisen ni | bwriech chi, bwrisech chi | bwrien nhw, bwrisen nhw |
| preterite | bwriais i, bwries i | bwriaist ti, bwriest ti | bwriodd o/e/hi | bwrion ni | bwrioch chi | bwrion nhw |
| imperative | — | bwria | — | — | bwriwch | — |
| Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. | ||||||
Mutation
| Welsh mutation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
| bwrw | fwrw | mwrw | unchanged |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |||
References
- ^ Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1995) Studies in British Celtic historical phonology (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 5), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, pages 55–56