changier
Norman
Alternative forms
- changi (Jersey)
Etymology
From Old French changier, from Late Latin cambiō, cambiāre (“I exchange, barter”), from Gaulish cambion, *kambyom (“change”), from Proto-Celtic *kambos (“twisted, crooked”), from Proto-Indo-European *kamp- (“crooked”).
Verb
changier
Old French
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Vulgar Latin or Late Latin cambiāre, from change in conjugation of cambīre, present active infinitive of cambiō (“I exchange, barter”) (compare Occitan cambiar, Catalan canviar, Italian cambiare, Portuguese cambiar, Spanish cambiar), from Gaulish cambion, *kambyom (“change”), from Proto-Celtic *kambos (“twisted, crooked”), from Proto-Indo-European *kamp- (“crooked”).
Verb
changier
- to change; to make a change
- circa 1170, Chrétien de Troyes, Érec et Énide:
- Mout avoit changiee sa vie
- Much has it changed his life
- Mout avoit changiee sa vie
- circa 1170, Chrétien de Troyes, Érec et Énide:
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -ier, with a palatal stem. These verbs are conjugated mostly like verbs in -er, but there is an extra i before the e of some endings. In the present tense an extra supporting e is needed in the first-person singular indicative and throughout the singular subjunctive, and the third-person singular subjunctive ending -t is lost. In addition, g becomes j before an a or an o to keep the /dʒ/ sound intact. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | changier | avoir changié | |||||
gerund | en chanjant | gerund of avoir + past participle | |||||
present participle | chanjant | ||||||
past participle | changié | ||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
simple tenses |
present | change | changes | change | chanjons | changiez | changent |
imperfect | chanjoie, changeie, chanjoe, changieve | chanjoies, changeies, chanjoes, changieves | chanjoit, changeit, chanjot, changieve | changiiens, changiens | changiiez, changiez | chanjoient, changeient, chanjoent, changievent | |
preterite | chanjai | chanjas | chanja | chanjames | chanjastes | changierent | |
future | changerai | changeras | changera | changerons | changeroiz, changereiz, changerez | changeront | |
conditional | changeroie, changereie | changeroies, changereies | changeroit, changereit | changeriiens, changeriens | changeriiez, changeriez | changeroient, changereient | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | present tense of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | preterite tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
simple tenses |
present | change | changes | change | chanjons | changiez | changent |
imperfect | chanjasse | chanjasses | chanjast | changissons, changissiens | changissoiz, changissez, changissiez | chanjassent | |
compound tenses |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
— | change | — | chanjons | changiez | — |
Derived terms
Related terms
Descendants
- Norman terms inherited from Old French
- Norman terms derived from Old French
- Norman terms inherited from Late Latin
- Norman terms derived from Late Latin
- Norman terms derived from Gaulish
- Norman terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Norman terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Norman lemmas
- Norman verbs
- Guernsey Norman
- Norman terms inherited from Latin
- Old French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin
- Old French terms derived from Vulgar Latin
- Old French terms inherited from Late Latin
- Old French terms derived from Late Latin
- Old French terms derived from Gaulish
- Old French terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Old French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old French lemmas
- Old French verbs
- Old French verbs with weak-a2 preterite
- Old French first group verbs
- Old French verbs ending in -ier
- Old French terms inherited from Latin