contribuer

Dalmatian

Alternative forms

• contribuar

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin contribuere, present active infinitive of contribuō.

Verb

contribuer

1. to contribute

Conjugation

    Conjugation of contribuer

infinitive			contribuer
gerund			contribuendo
past participle			contribuait
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		ju	te	jal/jala	nu	vu	jali/jale
	present	contribuo	contribui	contribuaja	contribuaime	contribuaite	contribuaja
	imperfect	contribuaja	contribuaja	contribuaja	contribuajaite	contribuajaite	contribuaja
	perfect	jai contribuait	ji contribuait	ju contribuait	jaime contribuait	jaite contribuait	ju contribuait
	pluperfect	avas contribuait	avai contribuait	avas contribuait	avajaime contribuait	avajaite contribuait	avas contribuait
	future	contribuera	contribuere	contribuera	contribuerme	contribuerte	contribuera
	conditional	contribuere	contribuere	contribuere	contribuerme	contribuerte	contribuere
subjunctive		ju	te	jal/jala	nu	vu	jali/jale
	present	contribuaja	contribuaja	contribuaja	contribuaime	contribuaite	contribuaja
	imperfect	contribuis	contribuisse	contribuissa	contribuissaime	contribuissaite	contribuis
imperative		—	te	—	nu	vu	—
	affirmative		contribui		contribuaime	contribuaite
	negative		naun contribui		naun contribuaime	naun contribuaite

French

Etymology

From Old French contribuir, borrowed from Latin contribuō.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥe/

• Audio

  (file)

Verb

contribuer

1. to contribute

   Cet utilisateur peut contribuer avec un niveau élémentaire de français.

   This user can contribute with an elementary level of French.

2. to help

   Ces pays contribuent à faire progresser le développement durable.

   These countries help advance sustainable development.

Conjugation

Conjugation of contribuer (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	contribuer
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	contribuant /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		contribué /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥe/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	contribue /kɔ̃.tʁi.by/	contribues /kɔ̃.tʁi.by/	contribue /kɔ̃.tʁi.by/	contribuons /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥɔ̃/	contribuez /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥe/	contribuent /kɔ̃.tʁi.by/
	imperfect	contribuais /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥɛ/	contribuais /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥɛ/	contribuait /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥɛ/	contribuions /kɔ̃.tʁi.by.jɔ̃/	contribuiez /kɔ̃.tʁi.by.je/	contribuaient /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥɛ/
	past historic2	contribuai /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥe/	contribuas /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥa/	contribua /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥa/	contribuâmes /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥam/	contribuâtes /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥat/	contribuèrent /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥɛʁ/
	future	contribuerai /kɔ̃.tʁi.by.ʁe/	contribueras /kɔ̃.tʁi.by.ʁa/	contribuera /kɔ̃.tʁi.by.ʁa/	contribuerons /kɔ̃.tʁi.by.ʁɔ̃/	contribuerez /kɔ̃.tʁi.by.ʁe/	contribueront /kɔ̃.tʁi.by.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	contribuerais /kɔ̃.tʁi.by.ʁɛ/	contribuerais /kɔ̃.tʁi.by.ʁɛ/	contribuerait /kɔ̃.tʁi.by.ʁɛ/	contribuerions /kɔ̃.tʁi.by.ʁjɔ̃/	contribueriez /kɔ̃.tʁi.by.ʁje/	contribueraient /kɔ̃.tʁi.by.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	contribue /kɔ̃.tʁi.by/	contribues /kɔ̃.tʁi.by/	contribue /kɔ̃.tʁi.by/	contribuions /kɔ̃.tʁi.by.jɔ̃/	contribuiez /kɔ̃.tʁi.by.je/	contribuent /kɔ̃.tʁi.by/
	imperfect2	contribuasse /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥas/	contribuasses /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥas/	contribuât /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥa/	contribuassions /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥa.sjɔ̃/	contribuassiez /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥa.sje/	contribuassent /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	contribue /kɔ̃.tʁi.by/	—	contribuons /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥɔ̃/	contribuez /kɔ̃.tʁi.bɥe/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Related terms

• contributeur

Further reading

• “contribuer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Middle French

Etymology

1340 contrebuer, 1370 contribuer. Borrowed from Latin contribuere, present active infinitive of contribuō, assimilated into the first conjugation group (regular -er suffixed verbs).

Verb

contribuer

1. to contribute
   • 1370, Oresme, Ethiques:

     […] selon la proporcion des pecunes qui furent contribuees.

     […] ccording to the proportion of the wealth contributed.

Conjugation

• Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.

Conjugation of contribuer

infinitive	simple	contribuer
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle1 or gerund2	simple	contribuant
	compound	present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle
past participle		contribué
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ie (i’)	tu	il, elle	nous	vous	ilz, elles
(simple tenses)	present	contribue	contribues	contribue	contribuons	contribuez	contribuent
	imperfect	contribuois, contribuoys	contribuois, contribuoys	contribuoit, contribuoyt	contribuions, contribuyons	contribuiez, contribuyez	contribuoient, contribuoyent
	past historic	contribua	contribuas	contribua	contribuasmes	contribuastes	contribuerent
	future	contribuerai, contribueray	contribueras	contribuera	contribuerons	contribuerez	contribueront
	conditional	contribuerois, contribueroys	contribuerois, contribueroys	contribueroit, contribueroyt	contribuerions, contribueryons	contribueriez, contribueryez	contribueroient, contribueroyent
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que ie (i’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ilz, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	contribue	contribues	contribue	contribuons	contribuez	contribuent
	imperfect	contribuasse	contribuasses	contribuast	contribuassions	contribuassiez	contribuassent
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	contribue	—	contribuons	contribuez	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679.
2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180).

References

• contribuer on Dictionnaire du Moyen Français (1330–1500) (in French)