eschiver
Old French
Etymology
(deprecated template usage) [etyl] Frankish *sciuhan (“to dread, shun, avoid”), from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Proto-Germanic *skiuhwaną, *skiwaną (“to frighten”). Cognate with Old High German sciuhen (“to frighten, make fearful”), Dutch schuwen (“to caution”). More at shy.
Verb
eschiver
- to escape; to flee
- circa 1180,, Chrétien de Troyes, Lancelot ou le Chevalier de la charrette, lines 6669-6670:
- Et ce ne volsist ele pas.
Por ce eschive les max pas- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- to avoid
- circa 1250, Rutebeuf, Ci commence le miracle de Théophile:
- Mes il s'est en si haut leu mis
Por eschiver ses anemis- But he's put himself in such a high place
to avoid his enemies
- But he's put himself in such a high place
- to refuse to deny
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-v, *-vs, *-vt are modified to f, s, t. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of eschiver (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | eschiver | avoir eschivé | |||||
gerund | en eschivant | gerund of avoir + past participle | |||||
present participle | eschivant | ||||||
past participle | eschivé | ||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
simple tenses |
present | eschif | eschives | eschive | eschivons | eschivez | eschivent |
imperfect | eschivoie, eschiveie, eschivoe, eschiveve | eschivoies, eschiveies, eschivoes, eschiveves | eschivoit, eschiveit, eschivot, eschiveve | eschiviiens, eschiviens | eschiviiez, eschiviez | eschivoient, eschiveient, eschivoent, eschivevent | |
preterite | eschivai | eschivas | eschiva | eschivames | eschivastes | eschiverent | |
future | eschiverai | eschiveras | eschivera | eschiverons | eschiveroiz, eschivereiz, eschiverez | eschiveront | |
conditional | eschiveroie, eschivereie | eschiveroies, eschivereies | eschiveroit, eschivereit | eschiveriiens, eschiveriens | eschiveriiez, eschiveriez | eschiveroient, eschivereient | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | present tense of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | preterite tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
simple tenses |
present | eschif | eschis | eschit | eschivons | eschivez | eschivent |
imperfect | eschivasse | eschivasses | eschivast | eschivissons, eschivissiens | eschivissoiz, eschivissez, eschivissiez | eschivassent | |
compound tenses |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
— | eschive | — | eschivons | eschivez | — |
Related terms
Descendants
References
- Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (eschiver)