esdek

Hungarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɛʒdɛk]
• Hyphenation: es‧dek
• Rhymes: -ɛk

Etymology 1

esik (“to fall”, here: “to entreat”) (obsolete in this sense) +‎ -dek (frequentative suffix)

Verb

esdek

1. (obsolete) to beseech, plead, beg [till 19th c.]
   • 1819, János Horváth, Tisztelet oszlopa, mellyet néhai […] Festetics György ur ö́ excellentiájának […], Aprilis 15-kén 1819. eszt. emelt Horváth János […], page 19:

     Jertek borullyunk az ö́ oltára eleibe, kegyelemért esdekni; bemutatván érette engeſztelö́ áldozatunkat.

     Come let us prostrate ourselves before his altar to supplicate for mercy; offering our atoning sacrifice for him.

Conjugation

conjugation of esdek

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	esdekek	esdeksz	esdek	esdekünk	esdektek	esdeknek
		Def.	intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past	Indef.	esdektem	esdektél	esdekett	esdektünk	esdektetek	esdektek
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Future		Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. esdekni fog.
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	esdekék	esdekél	esdeke	esdekénk	esdekétek	esdekének
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. esdek vala, esdekett vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	esdekendek	esdekendesz	esdekend	esdekendünk	esdekendetek	esdekendenek
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
Condi­tional mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	esdeknék	esdeknél	esdekne	esdeknénk	esdeknétek	esdeknének
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. esdekett volna
Sub­junc­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	esdekjek	esdekj or esdekjél	esdekjen	esdekjünk	esdekjetek	esdekjenek
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. esdekett légyen
Infinitive	esdekni		esdeknem	esdekned	esdeknie	esdeknünk	esdeknetek	esdekniük
Other forms	Verbal noun		Present part.	Past part.	Future part.	Adverbial participle		Causative
	esdekés		esdekő	esdekett	―	esdekve (esdekvén)

potential conjugation of esdek

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	esdekhetek	esdekhetsz	esdekhet	esdekhetünk	esdekhettek	esdekhetnek
		Def.	intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past	Indef.	esdekhettem	esdekhettél	esdekhetett	esdekhettünk	esdekhettetek	esdekhettek
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	esdekheték	esdekhetél	esdekhete	esdekheténk	esdekhetétek	esdekhetének
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. esdekhet vala, esdekhetett vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	esdekhetendek or esdekandhatok	esdekhetendesz or esdekandhatsz	esdekhetend or esdekandhat	esdekhetendünk or esdekandhatunk	esdekhetendetek or esdekandhattok	esdekhetendenek or esdekandhatnak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
Condi­tional mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	esdekhetnék	esdekhetnél	esdekhetne	esdekhetnénk	esdekhetnétek	esdekhetnének
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. esdekhetett volna
Sub­junc­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	esdekhessek	esdekhess or esdekhessél	esdekhessen	esdekhessünk	esdekhessetek	esdekhessenek
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. esdekhetett légyen
Inf.	(esdekhetni)		(esdekhetnem)	(esdekhetned)	(esdekhetnie)	(esdekhetnünk)	(esdekhetnetek)	(esdekhetniük)
Positive adjective			―	Neg. adj.	―	Adv. part.	(esdekhetve / esdekhetvén)

Derived terms

• esdekel (or it may derive directly from esik)

 

Related terms

• esd

 

Etymology 2

esd +‎ -ek (personal suffix)

Verb

esdek

1. first-person singular indicative present indefinite of esd

Further reading

• esdek in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)

Polish

Etymology

From SD +‎ -ek. Compare endek.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɛz.dɛk/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛzdɛk
• Syllabification: es‧dek

Noun

esdek m pers

1. (colloquial, politics) social democrat

   Synonym: socjaldemokrata

Declension

Declension of esdek

	singular	plural
nominative	esdek	esdecy
genitive	esdeka	esdeków
dative	esdekowi	esdekom
accusative	esdeka	esdeków
instrumental	esdekiem	esdekami
locative	esdeku	esdekach
vocative	esdeku	esdecy

Derived terms

adjective

• esdecki

 

Related terms

noun

• esdecja

 

Further reading

• esdek in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• esdek in Polish dictionaries at PWN